<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Osmanl\u0131 Belgelerinde ERGAN\u0130 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam Kas\u0131m 2008’de bu sitede ve 25 Aral\u0131k 2008 – 9 Ocak 2009 tarihleri aras\u0131nda 14 b\u00f6l\u00fcm halinde dizi olarak Yeni Yurt (Diyarbak\u0131r) gazetesinde yay\u0131nland\u0131ktan sonra bir \u00e7ok ileti, mektup ve telefon ald\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gelen yaz\u0131larda, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Ergani tarihinin bilinmesine ve Ergani ile ilgili bilgi ve belgelerin g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131na ve Ergani’nin tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m katk\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp te\u015fekk\u00fcr mahiyetinde \u00f6v\u00fcc\u00fc \u015feyler i\u00e7ermekte. Konuyla ilgili Sn. Nurettin De\u011firmenci’den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m iki yaz\u0131, bu gelenlerden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Birinci yaz\u0131da, Osmanl\u0131da idari y\u00f6netimin i\u015fleyi\u015fi ve vergilerin (hara\u00e7lar\u0131n) toplan\u0131\u015f\u0131na dair tespitler; ikinci yaz\u0131da, Osmanl\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bilgilerin yan\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 Belgelerine nas\u0131l bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusunda \u00f6nemli a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nurettin De\u011firmenci’nin g\u00f6ndermi\u015f oldu\u011fu her iki yaz\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nemli buldu\u011fum i\u00e7in yorumsuz bilgilerinize sunuyorum. Sayg\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcz\u00fclmez<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 YAZI<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cSevgili M\u00fcsl\u00fcm, Osmanl\u0131’daki eyaletler ve sancaklarda iki t\u00fcrl\u00fc y\u00f6netici vard\u0131: Vezir, komutan; kad\u0131, y\u00f6neticiydi. Kad\u0131, yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 hocalarla y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. II-Yerel zorbalar olurdu. (Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fclere, \u201dZorba\u201d ad\u0131 verilir.) Zorbalar, sahip olduklar\u0131 silahl\u0131 adamlar\u0131 ile kendi belirledikleri kurallara g\u00f6re hara\u00e7 toplard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesini de\u011fil, oldu\u011fu gibi varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesini istiyordu. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, baz\u0131 yerle\u015fim merkezlerinde esnaf\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu y\u00f6neticiler yenilik, fiyat ve kalite konusunda k\u0131smi de\u011fi\u015fim yap\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde eyalet ve sancak say\u0131s\u0131 hep de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frar ama vezir, kad\u0131 ve sancak beylerinin g\u00f6rev anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 1840’lara kadar de\u011fi\u015fmez. K\u0131saca: Sava\u015flar ile beraber Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131 giderleri ve asker ihtiyac\u0131 artar. Bu durumda \u00f6zellikle ula\u015f\u0131lan mesafelerdeki eyalet ve sancaklar\u0131n \u00f6deyece\u011fi hara\u00e7 miktarlar\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Yeni eyaletler ve sancaklar olu\u015fturulur. \u00dcretmesini bilmeyen zavall\u0131 insanlar y\u00fcksek miktardaki hara\u00e7lar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6deyebilirlerdi? B\u00f6ylece, Balkanlar, Anadolu ve Ortado\u011fu’da kanl\u0131 olaylar h\u0131zlan\u0131r. 1840’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Avrupal\u0131 deste\u011fi ile askerlik ve vergilerle ilgili yasalar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Sonra, idari yap\u0131 ile ilgili yasalara ihtiya\u00e7 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00fct\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fimler, ihtiya\u00e7 ve tepki sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. D\u0131\u015f etkiler olmadan de\u011fi\u015fimlere ihtiya\u00e7 olmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fimlerle k\u0131smi ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r ama Osmanl\u0131’da \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme h\u0131zlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *** Osmanl\u0131’da padi\u015fahlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan fermanlar Saray Te\u015fkilat\u0131 ile ilgilidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Saray Te\u015fkilat\u0131 ile topluluklar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler nas\u0131ld\u0131? ***<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ergani ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na: 20\/12\/2008 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 YAZI<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Belgeleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131’da basit Saray kurallar\u0131 ve kurallar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fkilat vard\u0131. Bu te\u015fkilat\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndaki uzant\u0131lar\u0131 ge\u00e7ici ve de\u011fi\u015fkendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131 y\u00f6netim merkeziydi. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her ba\u015f vezir, vezir ve kad\u0131n\u0131n evi y\u00f6netim yeri oluyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, vezir g\u00f6revden al\u0131n\u0131nca y\u00f6netim yeri de\u011fi\u015fiyordu. G\u00f6revden al\u0131nan vezir, uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc evraklar\u0131 Saraya teslim ediyor, di\u011ferlerini yak\u0131yordu. E\u011fer vezir idam edilerek g\u00f6revden al\u0131n\u0131yorduysa, evraklar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc yok oluyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kartezyen Sistemi evrensel yasalarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bizler Kartezyen Sistemine g\u00f6re olu\u015fumlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriyoruz. \u0130\u015fin k\u00f6t\u00fc yan\u0131, atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n da bizim gibi de\u011ferlendirme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stanbul’dakine benzer durumda Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan vezir, sancak beyi ve kad\u0131lar\u0131n evleri y\u00f6netim merkezleriydi. G\u00f6revliler \u0130stanbul’dan atand\u0131klar\u0131ndan, gittikleri yerlerde oturacaklar\u0131 evleri yapt\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duymazlard\u0131. Toplad\u0131klar\u0131 hara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu nedenle, \u00f6rne\u011fin Anadolu’da, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da Osmanl\u0131’dan kalma saray, cami ya da de\u011fi\u015fik eser vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, pek \u00e7ok g\u00f6revli alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde g\u00f6revden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130steseydi de bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde saray, cami, kervansaray yapt\u0131rmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stanbul’a g\u00f6nderilen evraklar dilek\u00e7e bi\u00e7imindeydi. Bu dilek\u00e7elere d\u00fczenli cevaplar yaz\u0131lmazd\u0131. \u0130stanbul’dan emirler g\u00f6nderilirdi. Padi\u015fah, ba\u015f vezir, Anadolu ve Rumeli beylerbeyi emirleri g\u00f6revden alma ya da bilgi isteme bi\u00e7imindeydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131nda d\u00fczenli olarak \u015eeyh\u00fclislam, ba\u015f vezir, Anadolu Beylerbeyi, Rumeli Beylerbeyi bulunurdu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz kavramlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, maliye, e\u011fitim, i\u00e7 i\u015fleri, d\u0131\u015f i\u015fleri gibi te\u015fkilatlar yoktu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, medreseler bir ba\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildi. Her medrese hocas\u0131 bir ba\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 belgeleri karmakar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Hem padi\u015fah fermanlar\u0131, hem s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yetleri i\u00e7 i\u00e7edir. Ayr\u0131ca, uzun y\u0131llar belgelere ihtiya\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00fcre bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Bir de bunlara 20. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki kavramlar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar eklenince; belgeler, \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybeder duruma gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ku\u015fkusuz baz\u0131 belgelerde do\u011fru bilgiler vard\u0131r. Baz\u0131 belgelerin bilgileri ise \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybetmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6revden al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilen vezir, sancak beyi ve kad\u0131lar soygun bi\u00e7iminde hara\u00e7 toplarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *** Osmanl\u0131’da g\u00f6rev yapan vezirler aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131. Bir vezir di\u011fer vezire yard\u0131m etmezdi. Ancak, Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131 emir g\u00f6ndermi\u015fse vezirler k\u0131smi yard\u0131m sa\u011flard\u0131. Yard\u0131ma gelen vezir harac\u0131n\u0131 almadan geri d\u00f6nmek istemezdi. Bu ise b\u00f6lge insan\u0131 i\u00e7in ek y\u0131k\u0131m oluyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n *** Bu ko\u015fullarda ger\u00e7ek olu\u015fumlar\u0131 bilmeyenler i\u00e7in belgeler eksik ve kusurlu kaynak olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 25\/12\/2008 25 Aral\u0131k 2008 <\/p>\n\n\n Osmanl\u0131 Belgelerinde ERGAN\u0130 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam Kas\u0131m 2008’de bu sitede ve 25 Aral\u0131k 2008 – 9 Ocak 2009 tarihleri aras\u0131nda 14 b\u00f6l\u00fcm halinde dizi olarak Yeni Yurt (Diyarbak\u0131r) gazetesinde yay\u0131nland\u0131ktan sonra bir \u00e7ok ileti, mektup ve telefon ald\u0131m. Gelen yaz\u0131larda, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Ergani tarihinin bilinmesine ve Ergani ile ilgili bilgi ve belgelerin g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131na ve Ergani’nin tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m katk\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp te\u015fekk\u00fcr mahiyetinde \u00f6v\u00fcc\u00fc \u015feyler i\u00e7ermekte. Konuyla ilgili Sn. Nurettin De\u011firmenci’den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m iki yaz\u0131, bu gelenlerden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Birinci yaz\u0131da, Osmanl\u0131da idari y\u00f6netimin i\u015fleyi\u015fi ve vergilerin (hara\u00e7lar\u0131n) toplan\u0131\u015f\u0131na dair tespitler; ikinci yaz\u0131da, Osmanl\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bilgilerin yan\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 Belgelerine nas\u0131l<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1064],"tags":[4408,298,4407,4410,4409,4411],"class_list":["post-6354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","tag-kabile-gelenekleri","tag-nurettin-degirmenci","tag-osmanli-belgeleri","tag-saray-kurallari","tag-sozlu-kurallar","tag-yazili-kurallar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6354"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6354\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6363,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6354\/revisions\/6363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Osmanl\u0131’da:
1-Saray kurallar\u0131 ve kurallar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fkilat vard\u0131.
2-Osmanl\u0131 topluluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fik s\u00f6zl\u00fc kurallar vard\u0131.
A-Rumlar ve Ermeniler belli kurallara sahiptiler. 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermeniler yaz\u0131l\u0131 kurallara (Anayasaya) kavu\u015furlar.
B-Yerle\u015fik ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u00fc \u00f6rf ve gelenekleri vard\u0131.
C-G\u00f6\u00e7ebe olarak ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkmen, K\u00fcrt, Araplar kabile geleneklerine g\u00f6re ya\u015fam s\u00fcrerlerdi.
Osmanl\u0131 n\u00fcfusunun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu g\u00f6\u00e7ebeler olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I-Saray taraf\u0131ndan atananlar; belirlenen miktarda harac\u0131 Saraya iletmek zorundayd\u0131lar. Harac\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kendilerine kal\u0131rd\u0131. Vezir, kad\u0131, sancak beyi Saray\u0131n atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6neticilerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A-Vezir, kad\u0131, kad\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, Yeni\u00e7eriler toplanan hara\u00e7lardan pay al\u0131rlard\u0131.
B-Kad\u0131, ba\u015fta vezir olmak \u00fczere Saray mensubu ki\u015fileri yarg\u0131layamazd\u0131.
C-Vezir, kad\u0131 karar\u0131 olmadan zanl\u0131lar\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131r ya da idam ettirebilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Yunan Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Sava\u015f\u0131,
-Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n la\u011fvedilmesi,
-Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 (1828),
-M\u0131s\u0131r’daki geli\u015fmeler,
-Balkanlarda \u015fiddetli isyanlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1-Acil para ihtiyac\u0131,
2-\u00c7ok say\u0131da asker ihtiyac\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Saray y\u00f6neticilerini de\u011fi\u015fime zorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Osmanl\u0131 belgeleri de\u011ferlidir ama o belgeleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz kavramlar\u0131 ile yorumlamak onlar\u0131 yok etmek anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A-Yerle\u015fik M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar sadece vezir, kad\u0131, sancak beyi ve Yeni\u00e7eriler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla,
B-Yahudi, Ermeni, Rum, Bulgar, S\u0131rp gibi toplumlar ba\u015flar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Saraya ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131lar. (Vezirler, kad\u0131lar, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yerel zorbalar, Saray emirlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak Yahudi, Ermeni, Rum gibi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayanlara bask\u0131 yaparlard\u0131. Saray, bask\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenir ama g\u00f6zlerini yumar, kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece olaylar kangren halini al\u0131rd\u0131.)
C-G\u00f6\u00e7ebe K\u00fcrtler, T\u00fcrkmenler, Araplar Saray ile ili\u015fkileri yoktu. Bu nedenle 1860’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda, \u201cZorunlu \u0130sk\u00e2n\u201d politikalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.
I-G\u00f6\u00e7ebeler askere al\u0131nacak,
II-G\u00f6\u00e7ebeler vergi \u00f6deyecek. (Art\u0131k vergi yasalar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hara\u00e7, a\u011f\u0131r vergilere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A-1870 \u00f6ncesi olarak:
1-Kad\u0131-\u0130mam y\u00f6neticiler?
2-Sancak beyleri?
3-Yerel beyler?
4-Esnaf y\u00f6neticiler?
5-Medreseler?
6-K\u00f6yler?
7-Yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00fcretme \u00e7abalar\u0131?
8-Yol ve bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131?
B-II. Abd\u00fclhamit D\u00f6neminde de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frayan y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imlerini, y\u00f6neticileri ara\u015ft\u0131rabilirsin.
1-Yerel y\u00f6neticileri?
2-Okullar\u0131?
3-Zorbalar\u0131 ve sahip olduklar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri?
4-\u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00fcretme ile ilgili etkinlikleri?
5-K\u00f6yleri?
C-Cumhuriyet sonras\u0131n\u0131 ele alabilirsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nurettin De\u011firmenci
Elk. Y\u00fck. M\u00fch<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1-Osmanl\u0131’da g\u00f6rev yapan vezir, sancak beyi, kad\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak bilemiyoruz.
2-Osmanl\u0131’da yasalar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan vezir ile e\u015fk\u0131ya aras\u0131nda pek fark olmazd\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bug\u00fcn vezir olan, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra e\u015fk\u0131ya ilan edilebilirdi. E\u011fer vezir g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyse bir s\u00fcre sonra tekrar makam\u0131na geri d\u00f6nerdi.
3-\u0130stanbul’da g\u00f6rev kapmak isteyen vezir, sancak beyi, kad\u0131 adaylar\u0131 entrika ve kurnazl\u0131kla g\u00f6rev ba\u015f\u0131nda olanlar\u0131n ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 kayd\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. \u00d6zellikle, Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131, ba\u015f vezir, vezir, kad\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli merkezdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc zorbalar vard\u0131. Bu zorbalara ba\u011fl\u0131 1000, 2000, 5000 e\u015fk\u0131ya olurdu. Zorba, e\u015fk\u0131yalar\u0131 hara\u00e7 toplamda kullan\u0131rd\u0131.
1-Vezir ile zorba el ele verir; b\u00f6lge insan\u0131 kan a\u011flard\u0131.
2-Vezir ile zorba \u00e7at\u0131\u015f\u0131r; \u0130stanbul, fazla hara\u00e7 g\u00f6nderenin taraf\u0131n\u0131 tutard\u0131. Daha \u00f6nceden yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi, Saray i\u00e7in zorba ile vezir aras\u0131nda fark yoktu. Kendilerini ilgilendiren hara\u00e7 miktar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Osmanl\u0131’da g\u00f6rev yapan vezir, sancak beyi, kad\u0131 ve yerel zorbalar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri yoktur. Yani: Osmanl\u0131’daki ger\u00e7ekler zifiri karanl\u0131ktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nurettin De\u011firmenci
Elk. Y\u00fck. M\u00fch.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
www.uzulmez.info\/muslum<\/p>\n\n\n\n