{"id":6265,"date":"2008-03-21T18:28:00","date_gmt":"2008-03-21T18:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6265"},"modified":"2023-06-23T18:38:43","modified_gmt":"2023-06-23T18:38:43","slug":"ergani-tren-istasyonu-acilali-80-yil-oldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6265","title":{"rendered":"Ergani Tren \u0130stasyonu A\u00e7\u0131lal\u0131 80 Y\u0131l Oldu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

gece olunca
karanl\u0131k gecelerin o kalbe i\u015fleyen sessizli\u011finde;
sevgilileri kavu\u015fturan, sevgilileri ay\u0131ran
d\u00fcnya’n\u0131n bir ucundan gelip, ba\u015fka bir ucuna giden
ve her ergani istasyonu’ndan ge\u00e7ti\u011finde
y\u00fcre\u011fimden bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 da birlikte g\u00f6t\u00fcren
kara trenlerin sesini hi\u00e7 dinlediniz mi?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ergani \u0130stasyonu\/Tren Gar\u0131 15 Kas\u0131m 2007 tarihinde 80. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ergani \u0130stasyonu’nun\/Tren Gar\u0131’n\u0131n 80 y\u0131l \u00f6nce hizmete girdi\u011fini ka\u00e7 ki\u015fi biliyor acaba?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ergani’ye ilk tren geldi\u011finde insanlar\u0131m\u0131z hayretleriyle birlikte treni \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131: “Ne iteleyeni, ne \u00e7ekeni var. Demir evler, demir raylar \u00fczerinde kendi kendine gidiyor.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diyarbak\u0131r-Ergani-Elaz\u0131\u011f-Pertek demir yolu hatt\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131nda, babam\u0131n amcas\u0131 Zekeriya \u00dcz\u00fclmez ve onun ustas\u0131 Ermeni Xa\u00e7o Usta’n\u0131n az\u0131msanmayacak eme\u011fi vard\u0131r. Bu iki in\u015faat ustas\u0131, t\u00fcnel ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131mlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, bug\u00fcn her biri bir tarihi eser niteli\u011findeki F\u0131rat ve Dicle nehirleri ve kollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan k\u00f6pr\u00fclerin ve da\u011flar\u0131n i\u00e7inden, alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en o karanl\u0131k t\u00fcnellerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda Xa\u00e7o Usta’n\u0131n eme\u011finin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu Zekeriya Amca’m\u0131z uzun k\u0131\u015f gecelerinde bizlere anlat\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atat\u00fcrk, 1 Kas\u0131m 1937 tarihinde TBMM’de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada; “Demiryollar\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131 politikam\u0131z\u0131 uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde 78 k\u00f6pr\u00fc ge\u00e7i\u015fe a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. 23 k\u00f6pr\u00fc de in\u015fa halindedir. Bu k\u00f6pr\u00fcler herbiri ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na birer teknik ve sanat eseri olarak, yeni nesillere Cumhuriyetin arma\u011fan abideleri olacakt\u0131r” diyerek, sanki Xa\u00e7o ve Zekeriya Usta gibi\u2026 daha nice eme\u011fi ge\u00e7en ustay\u0131 kutlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir yerinde ise; “Demiryollar\u0131 bu \u00fclkeyi uygarl\u0131k ve refah \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131yla ayd\u0131nlatan kutsal bir me\u015f’aledir. Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndan beri dikkatle, \u0131srarla \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fumuz demiryollar\u0131 yapma politikas\u0131, ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in durmadan, ba\u015far\u0131 ile uygulanmaya devam olunmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneyde Sivas ve Diyarbak\u0131r gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck illere varan hatlar ge\u00e7en y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Sivas-Malatya ara hatlar\u0131yla birbirine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zonguldak’a varm\u0131\u015f olan hat da bu zengin k\u00f6m\u00fcr havzas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7 vatana ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f bulunuyor” diyerek, ekonomik y\u00f6nden g\u00fc\u00e7lenmek i\u00e7in gerekli olan ula\u015f\u0131m sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde demiryollar\u0131na verdi\u011fi \u00f6nemi ortaya koymu\u015ftur. (Prof. Dr. \u0130nan, Devlet\u00e7ilik \u0130lkesi ve 1. Sanayi Plan\u0131, 1933. Aktaran: E. Yorulmaz, Sefaletin G\u00f6lgesinde. s. 142.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 konuda Rusya’n\u0131n eski bir diplomat\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bir akademisyen olan Bazil Nikitin ise \u015fu tespiti yapmaktad\u0131r: “Demiryollar\u0131 \u015fimdiden Diyarbekir ve Erzurum’a gelmi\u015ftir ve bunlar\u0131n, Van g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc dolanarak \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na do\u011fru, ayr\u0131ca Diyarbekir’den ba\u015flayarak Mezopotamya’n\u0131n kuzeyine do\u011fru uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanmaktad\u0131r. Demiryolunun etkisi \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki bu y\u00f6relerde, yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmeleri ve m\u00fcbadeleleri kolayla\u015ft\u0131rarak, kendisini hissettirecektir”. Bazil Nikitin yine ayn\u0131 eserinde, “Yer alt\u0131 servetleri aras\u0131nda bak\u0131r Diyarbekir b\u00f6lgesindeki Ergani’de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrdistan’da demir, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol gibi di\u011fer avantajl\u0131 maden yataklar\u0131yla ilgili ke\u015fif ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r” diye yazmaktad\u0131r. (Bazil Nikitin, K\u00dcRTLER Sosyolojik ve Tarihi \u0130nceleme Cilt 1-2, Deng Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 4. Bask\u0131, s. 112-113)
***
Ula\u015f\u0131m, kapitalizmin geli\u015fmesi ve yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan “olmazsa olmaz” ko\u015fullardan biridir. Kapitalizmin ilk geli\u015fme evresinde, demiryollar\u0131 bu bak\u0131mdan da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli i\u015flevler g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1892 y\u0131l\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyada hi\u00e7 \u00f6rne\u011fi olmayan bir demiryolunun ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131; ekonomiyi, toplumu ve d\u00fcnya siyasetini derinden etkilemi\u015ftir, de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Demiryollar\u0131, Sanayi Devrimi’nin ger\u00e7ek devrimci unsuru oldu. K\u0131saca;
*Demiryolu sayesinde insano\u011flu tarihte ilk defa ger\u00e7ek anlamda hareket imk\u00e2n\u0131na kavu\u015ftu. S\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n ufuklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde zihinsel de\u011fi\u015fime ge\u00e7i\u015fini sa\u011flad\u0131. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarzlar\u0131n\u0131, ufkunu de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.
*Demiryolu sayesinde insanlar mesafeye h\u00e2kim oldu. Mesafe ara yerden kalk\u0131nca, tek bir ekonomi, tek bir piyasa egemen olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yani Demiryollar\u0131 kapal\u0131 ekonomiden ulusal ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015fin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralad\u0131. Trenle mal, \u00fcr\u00fcn ve hizmet girdi; trenle mal, \u00fcr\u00fcn ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: Yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131.
*Demiryollar\u0131 ileti\u015fime katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn i\u015flevi kalmam\u0131\u015f olan, ama zaman\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ileti\u015fim a\u011f\u0131 olan telgraf direk ve telleri demiryollar\u0131na paralel d\u00f6\u015fendi.
*Demiryolunun bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi de k\u0131talar aras\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci \u00fclkeler, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerden gerekli olan yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc zenginlikleri tren katarlar\u0131yla durmadan ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131lar. Ta\u015f\u0131rken de, ayn\u0131 zamanda tarlada, \u00e7iftliklerde, fabrikalarda kar\u0131n toklu\u011funa \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak ve “canl\u0131 makina” olarak nitelendirilen k\u00f6leleri, ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc de ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131lar.
*Demiryollar\u0131 ulus devletlerin ya da devlet-uluslar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynad\u0131.
***
Demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrt siyasi tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemi b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcrtlerin sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131na ne getirdi, ne g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck m\u00fc? Bu konu ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na incelenmesi, ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ben, burada \u015fimdilik sadece babam\u0131n amcas\u0131 Zekarya \u00dcz\u00fclmez’in “\u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131” ile ilgili gen\u00e7li\u011fimde bana anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa, ama \u00f6nemli bir tespiti hat\u0131rlatmak ve devletin kasas\u0131ndaki bir “K\u00fcrt Raporu”ndan ufak bir al\u0131nt\u0131yla yetiniyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amcam\u0131n “\u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir isyand\u0131. Ama \u0130smet Pa\u015fa trenlerle askerleri d\u00f6k\u00fcnce isyan fazla s\u00fcrmedi” dedi\u011fini \u00e7ok iyi hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Nitekim resmi belgelerde bu sav\u0131 do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r. 10 Mart 1925’te ilk askeri birli\u011fin Diyarbak\u0131r’a yeti\u015fmesiyle, seferberlik etkisini dokuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7ersinde g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Yay\u0131nlanan 16 Mart tarihli resmi Tebli\u011f de: “Ergani kesiminde, ayaklanma b\u00f6lgesinin durgun oldu\u011funu, Ergani’yi tutan asilerin da\u011f\u0131lmakta olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve asiler aras\u0131nda yiyecek s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131” a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fbakan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, \u015eeyh Sait Olay\u0131’ndan sonra b\u00f6lgede yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gezi ve denetlemeler sonucunda, 21 A\u011fustos 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Atat\u00fcrk’e sundu\u011fu gizli “K\u00fcrt Raporu”nda “Diyarbak\u0131r Kuvvetli Bir T\u00fcrkl\u00fck Merkezi Olmal\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u015funlar yaz\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: “A\u011fustos ay\u0131 i\u00e7inde Ergani istasyonunun a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bana s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdi. Nitekim a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Yaln\u0131z bu istasyonla Diyarbak\u0131r art\u0131k Deveboynu’nu a\u015fmaktan ve k\u0131\u015f\u0131n kesilmekten kurtulmu\u015f oluyor. Trenin takvim senesi nihayetine kadar Diyarbak\u0131r’a ula\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Bu hadise, devletimizin Suriye ve Irak’a kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcney k\u0131sm\u0131nda kati olarak yerle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.” (Sayg\u0131 \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kasadaki Dosyalar, \u00dcmit Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130st. 2003, s. 15-18)
***<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Ergani \u0130stasyonundan bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm. Y\u0131l: 2003 Foto: M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcz\u00fclmez<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha, Ergani \u0130stasyonu’ndan s\u00f6z etmi\u015fken, birde Haf\u0131z Xel\u00e9 Z\u00fclfi’den s\u00f6z etmek gerekir. Haf\u0131z ki, \u0130stasyon’da kaval \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kaval\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan ses titre\u015fimleri, trenin sevin\u00e7 ve h\u00fcz\u00fcn, \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131yla birle\u015fip y\u00fcreklere i\u015flerdi. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle, kaval\u0131 sustu. \u0130stasyon \u00f6ks\u00fcz kald\u0131. O g\u00fczel na\u011fmeler bir daha hi\u00e7 Ergani \u0130stasyon’unda duyulmad\u0131. G\u00fczel insanlar\u0131n dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u015fimdi Z\u00fclk\u00fcf Da\u011f\u0131 ve Karacada\u011f’\u0131n zirvesinde g\u00fcn do\u011fumlar\u0131nda r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n sesine Haf\u0131z’\u0131n kaval\u0131n\u0131n sesi bazen e\u015flik etmekteymi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaval\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131k sesi benim halen kulaklar\u0131mda!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21 Mart 2008
Ergani Haber Gazetesi<\/p>\n\n\n

80 y\u0131l<\/a>, <\/span>bazil nikitin<\/a>, <\/span>ergani tren istasyonu<\/a>, <\/span>kasadaki dosyalar<\/a>, <\/span>sanayi devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>sayg\u0131 \u00f6zt\u00fcrk<\/a>, <\/span>\u015feyh said isyan\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>tren gar\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>xa\u00e7o usta<\/a>, <\/span>zekeriya usta<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

gece oluncakaranl\u0131k gecelerin o kalbe i\u015fleyen sessizli\u011finde;sevgilileri kavu\u015fturan, sevgilileri ay\u0131rand\u00fcnya’n\u0131n bir ucundan gelip, ba\u015fka bir ucuna gidenve her ergani istasyonu’ndan ge\u00e7ti\u011findey\u00fcre\u011fimden bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 da birlikte g\u00f6t\u00fcrenkara trenlerin sesini hi\u00e7 dinlediniz mi? Ergani \u0130stasyonu\/Tren Gar\u0131 15 Kas\u0131m 2007 tarihinde 80. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131. Ergani \u0130stasyonu’nun\/Tren Gar\u0131’n\u0131n 80 y\u0131l \u00f6nce hizmete girdi\u011fini ka\u00e7 ki\u015fi biliyor acaba? Ergani’ye ilk tren geldi\u011finde insanlar\u0131m\u0131z hayretleriyle birlikte treni \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131: “Ne iteleyeni, ne \u00e7ekeni var. Demir evler, demir raylar \u00fczerinde kendi kendine gidiyor.” Diyarbak\u0131r-Ergani-Elaz\u0131\u011f-Pertek demir yolu hatt\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131nda, babam\u0131n amcas\u0131 Zekeriya \u00dcz\u00fclmez ve onun ustas\u0131 Ermeni Xa\u00e7o Usta’n\u0131n az\u0131msanmayacak eme\u011fi vard\u0131r. Bu iki in\u015faat ustas\u0131, t\u00fcnel ve<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1197,1064],"tags":[4340,443,282,4345,662,4341,4344,4343,4342,4346],"class_list":["post-6265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur","category-tarih","tag-80-yil","tag-bazil-nikitin","tag-ergani-tren-istasyonu","tag-kasadaki-dosyalar","tag-sanayi-devrimi","tag-saygi-ozturk","tag-seyh-said-isyani","tag-tren-gari","tag-xaco-usta","tag-zekeriya-usta"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6265"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6268,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6265\/revisions\/6268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}