{"id":6242,"date":"2008-07-18T16:37:00","date_gmt":"2008-07-18T16:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6242"},"modified":"2023-06-26T15:00:24","modified_gmt":"2023-06-26T15:00:24","slug":"bilim-paradigma-degisim-ve-orgutler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6242","title":{"rendered":"Bilim, Paradigma, De\u011fi\u015fim ve \u00d6rg\u00fctler"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>&#8220;B\u00fct\u00fcn zamanlar\u0131n en derin toplumsal alt\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bunu hen\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde kavram\u0131\u015f de\u011filiz, ama temelden yeni bir uygarl\u0131k in\u015fa etmekteyiz\u2026 Yeni uygarl\u0131k farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc getiriyor; ve zaman\u0131, mek\u00e2n\u0131, mant\u0131k ve nedenselli\u011fi ele almada kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcl tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiriyor. Ve gelece\u011fin politikas\u0131n\u0131n ilkeleri de kendine g\u00f6re olacak.&#8221; Alvin ve Heidi Toffler\/Yeni Bir Uygarl\u0131k Yaratmak<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsan benli\u011fi zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir d\u00fczleme sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn bilim ve psikoloji sayesinde gerek fiziksel, gerekse canl\u0131 sistemlerdeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlere ili\u015fkin bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f bulunuyoruz. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu evrenseldir, baz\u0131lar\u0131 sadece canl\u0131 sistemler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir; \u00e7ok az\u0131 da zek\u00e2m\u0131z, karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ve \u00f6zel psikolojimiz y\u00fcz\u00fcnden sadece biz insanlara \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsanlarda zihinsel yan normal olarak kapsaml\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme, sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zme, kurallar\u0131 izleme, ama\u00e7lara ula\u015fma yeteneklerimizle ili\u015fkilendirdi\u011fimiz \u015feylerden olu\u015fur. Esin, tutku, ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ve ac\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z; sosyal de\u011ferler, arkada\u015f grubu etkisi, e\u011fitim, ki\u015fisel ili\u015fkiler, \u00e7ocukluk ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131 ve benzeri toplumsal-duygusal k\u00f6kenlere sahiptir. Psikolojinin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 son a\u015fama, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n hepsinin alt\u0131nda bizim anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, vizyonlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve en derin de\u011ferlerimizin, yani manevi yan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda yeterince kan\u0131t sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Devlet d\u00e2hil t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fctler insanlar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctledikleri i\u00e7in, onlar\u0131n da insanlar gibi zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi yanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn zihinsel yan\u0131, onu genel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden, uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut kurallardan, \u00f6ncelikler koymada ve ama\u00e7lara ula\u015fmada kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden olu\u015fur. \u0130ster devlet kurumlar\u0131nda, ister sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinde ve ister siyas\u00ee olu\u015fumlarda olsun, y\u00f6netici ve lider konumunda olanlar\u0131n olaya bir de bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bakmalar\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n yolu, somut durumun somut analizinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi hep s\u00f6ylenir. Ama \u00f6nce i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131n\u0131lan, \u00fcyesi veya y\u00f6neticisi olunan \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi yanlar\u0131n\u0131n analizini yapmak gerekir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Kendini tan\u0131madan, d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakini tan\u0131yamazs\u0131n. Kendini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakini, ili\u015fkide oldu\u011fun bireyleri, toplumsal kesimleri ve kurumlar\u0131\/\u00f6rg\u00fctleri de\u011fi\u015ftiremezsin. Bir insanda ya da herhangi bir siyasal veya \u015firketler d\u00e2hil toplumsal \u00f6rg\u00fctte ger\u00e7ek de\u011fi\u015fim, benli\u011fin zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi yap\u0131s\u0131nda k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve daha \u00e7ok da Descartesci Sistem, her zaman nesneleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kutular i\u00e7inde birbirinden ay\u0131rma e\u011filiminde olmu\u015ftur. Bu eski Yunan&#8217;daki atomculu\u011fa kadar gider. Ama ayn\u0131 zamanda buna e\u015flik eden ve e\u015fit \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir ba\u015fka Bat\u0131l\u0131 e\u011filim daha vard\u0131r; bu da akl\u0131 ya da ruhu bedenden ya da manevi alan\u0131 fiziksel olandan ay\u0131rma e\u011filimidir. Gerek eski Yunanlar, gerekse H\u0131ristiyan Kilisesi b\u00f6ylesi bir ikili\u011fi \u00f6\u011frete gelmi\u015ftir. On yedinci y\u00fczy\u0131lda filozof Ren\u00e9 Descartes&#8217;in; &#8220;Bir akl\u0131m oldu\u011funu biliyorum ve bir bedenim oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Ve her ikisinin tamamen birbirlerinden ayr\u0131 oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Ben kendi akl\u0131m\u0131m. Benim bir bedenim var&#8221; s\u00f6zleri, bu yakla\u015f\u0131ma modern bir katk\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131nda, \u00e7ok iyi bir \u00f6rnektir ayn\u0131 zamanda. Isaac Newton, bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 yeni fizi\u011fin temeli olarak alm\u0131\u015f ve zihinsel ya da psikolojik her \u015feyi evrene ili\u015fkin yeni fiziksel yasalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutmu\u015ftur. Newton&#8217;un fizi\u011finin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bug\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011fumuzun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine h\u00e2l\u00e2 egemen olan &#8220;mekanik\u00e7i k\u00fclt\u00fcr&#8221;, Newtoncu makine kategorilerini insanlara ve insan \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine uygular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sigmund Freud, ruha h\u00fckmeden &#8220;yasa ve dinamikleri&#8221; ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve insan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle b\u00f6ylesi yasalar ve bunlar\u0131n erken ya\u015flardaki etkile\u015fimleri taraf\u0131ndan belirlendi\u011finde \u0131srar etmi\u015ftir. Adam Smith, piyasa ekonomisine yol g\u00f6steren &#8220;yasa ve ilkeleri&#8221; ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve bunlara dayanarak pazardaki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rebilece\u011fimizi ve kontrol edebilece\u011fimizi \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Karl Marx, kapitalizmin ekonomi politi\u011finin analizini yaparak &#8220;kapital&#8221; ve &#8220;art\u0131 de\u011fer&#8221; olu\u015fumu \u00fczerine tezler geli\u015ftirip &#8220;sosyalizme ge\u00e7i\u015f&#8221;in ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu varsaym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6netim teorisinde m\u00fchendis Frederick Taylor, her \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn temelde yatan &#8220;yasa ve ilkelerle&#8221; s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funda \u0131srar etmi\u015f ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerdeki insanlar\u0131n bu yasalara g\u00f6re davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. K\u0131saca, bilgisayar k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn daha modern dilinde s\u00f6ylersek her \u015fey programlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasalar, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc, varsay\u0131m, kontrol, programlar\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kavramlar Newtoncu fizi\u011fin ve &#8220;mekanik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn&#8221; s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan kavramlard\u0131r. Ve yine bu kavramlar ayn\u0131 zamanda Newtoncu y\u00f6netim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin de kilit s\u00f6zc\u00fckleridir. Peki, bunlar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmektedir ya da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar kar\u015f\u0131layabilmektedir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu soruya olumlu yan\u0131t vermek zor. O halde ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131z?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Newtoncu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin yerine Kuantumcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi koymal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Newtoncu devrim seri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin, mant\u0131ksal, ak\u0131lc\u0131, kurala ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin bir patlamas\u0131yd\u0131. Kuantumcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ise daha y\u00fcksek bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kuantum s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f terimi g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilimize kuantum fizi\u011fi terminolojisinden girmi\u015ftir. Bu sadece b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131\u00e7rama de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir t\u00fcr ger\u00e7eklikten bir ba\u015fka t\u00fcr ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe s\u0131\u00e7ramad\u0131r ve bu her alanda, anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve y\u00f6netebildi\u011fimiz bir d\u00fcnyadan ilk bak\u0131\u015fta hi\u00e7bir \u015feyin bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyaya s\u0131\u00e7rama anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bu, temel stratejilerimizi yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemizi, \u00e7ok de\u011fer bi\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ve \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verdi\u011fimiz varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmemizi gerektiren s\u0131\u00e7ramad\u0131r. Bu, bilinmeyene do\u011fru bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve en \u00f6nemlisi bir paradigma de\u011fi\u015fimidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n yeni bilimi b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131lar ve yan\u0131lg\u0131lar pahas\u0131na da olsa, b\u00f6yle bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eski bilimde, Newtoncu paradigmada do\u011fa basit, kurallara tabi ve son tahlilde kontrol edilebilir bir \u015fey olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yeni bilimde, kuantum paradigmas\u0131nda do\u011fa karma\u015f\u0131k, kaotik ve kesintisiz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Yeni bilim, karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kla birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 ve onun b\u00fct\u00fcn potansiyelinden yararlanmay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmeye ili\u015fkindir. \u00d6nceki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme tarzlar\u0131m\u0131za en b\u00fcy\u00fck meydan okumay\u0131 temsil etmektedir. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yeniden bi\u00e7imlendirecek olan teknolojide (s\u00fcperak\u0131\u015fkanlar, s\u00fcperiletkenler, lazerler, silikon \u00e7ipler, kuantum bilgisayarlar\u2026) \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. Yeni paradigmal\u0131 bilimde kendili\u011finden belirme ve kendi kendini \u00f6rg\u00fctleme kilit \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131m\u0131z kesintisizlik, mu\u011flakl\u0131k, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmezlik ve s\u00fcrprizler y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00f6ylesi bir y\u00fczy\u0131lda yarat\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ancak yeni sesler, yeni diyaloglar, yeni tutkular, yeni tutumlar, yeni perspektifler, yeni deneyimlerle zenginle\u015fti\u011finde ve \u00e7o\u011fulcu, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f benimsendi\u011finde geli\u015fecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu konuda Kuantumcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin bizlere yol g\u00f6sterece\u011fine inan\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Kaynak: <\/strong>Danah Zohar, Akl\u0131 Yeniden Kurmak , (\u00c7ev: Z\u00fclf\u00fc Dicleli), T\u00fcrk Henkel Dergisi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">18 Temmuz 2008<br>Ergani Haber Gazetesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve daha \u00f6nce:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">02.06.2007&#8217;de http:\/\/irgatsui.blogcu.com\/3164965,<br>13.07.2007&#8217;de http:\/\/www.tarihteneski.com&#8217;da yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"taxonomy-post_tag wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=akli-yeniden-kurmak\" rel=\"tag\">akl\u0131 yeniden kurmak<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=alvin-ve-heidi-toffler\" rel=\"tag\">alvin ve heidi toffler<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=bilim\" rel=\"tag\">bilim<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=danah-zohar\" rel=\"tag\">danah zohar<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=degisim\" rel=\"tag\">de\u011fi\u015fim<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=devletler\" rel=\"tag\">devletler<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=frederick-taylor\" rel=\"tag\">frederick taylor<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=isaac-newton\" rel=\"tag\">\u0131saac newton<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=mekanik-kultur\" rel=\"tag\">mekanik k\u00fclt\u00fcr<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=newtoncu-dusunce\" rel=\"tag\">newtoncu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=orgutler\" rel=\"tag\">\u00f6rg\u00fctler<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=paradigma\" rel=\"tag\">paradigma<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=rene-descartes\" rel=\"tag\">ren\u00e9 descartes<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?tag=sigmund-freud\" rel=\"tag\">sigmund freud<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;B\u00fct\u00fcn zamanlar\u0131n en derin toplumsal alt\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bunu hen\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde kavram\u0131\u015f de\u011filiz, ama temelden yeni bir uygarl\u0131k in\u015fa etmekteyiz\u2026 Yeni uygarl\u0131k farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc getiriyor; ve zaman\u0131, mek\u00e2n\u0131, mant\u0131k ve nedenselli\u011fi ele almada kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcl tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiriyor. Ve gelece\u011fin politikas\u0131n\u0131n ilkeleri de kendine g\u00f6re olacak.&#8221; Alvin ve Heidi Toffler\/Yeni Bir Uygarl\u0131k Yaratmak \u0130nsan benli\u011fi zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir d\u00fczleme sahiptir. Bug\u00fcn bilim ve psikoloji sayesinde gerek fiziksel, gerekse canl\u0131 sistemlerdeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlere ili\u015fkin bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f bulunuyoruz. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu evrenseldir, baz\u0131lar\u0131 sadece canl\u0131 sistemler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir; \u00e7ok az\u0131 da zek\u00e2m\u0131z,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3901],"tags":[4308,4306,674,4310,3930,4303,4307,4304,4309,691,4302,689,1415,4305],"class_list":["post-6242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-akli-yeniden-kurmak","tag-alvin-ve-heidi-toffler","tag-bilim","tag-danah-zohar","tag-degisim","tag-devletler","tag-frederick-taylor","tag-isaac-newton","tag-mekanik-kultur","tag-newtoncu-dusunce","tag-orgutler","tag-paradigma","tag-rene-descartes","tag-sigmund-freud"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6242"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6415,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6242\/revisions\/6415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}