{"id":6179,"date":"2006-01-01T14:44:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-01T14:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6179"},"modified":"2023-07-01T16:36:02","modified_gmt":"2023-07-01T16:36:02","slug":"musluman-ulkelerden-neden-dusunur-cikmiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6179","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00dclkelerden Neden D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00c7\u0131km\u0131yor?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

“\u0130nsan akl\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesiyle fazileti (iyi) ve k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015fleri birbirinden ay\u0131rt eder” -Aristo<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerden ger\u00e7ek anlamda neden bilim adam\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor? Neden insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fimine bir katk\u0131 sunam\u0131yorlar? Neden M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkeler ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal, askeri ve teknolojik alanda geri?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geni\u015f anlamda bu geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce fukaral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ne yatmaktad\u0131r? Neden \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden mi kaynaklan\u0131yor, yoksa \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde egemen olan \u0130mam Gazal\u00ee’nin sorgulamay\u0131 men eden, “her \u015feye vahiy mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir” \u015feklindeki kabul g\u00f6ren bask\u0131n anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan m\u0131 kaynaklan\u0131yor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benzer sorular\u0131 \u00e7o\u011faltabiliriz. Bence sorun \u0130slami d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede de\u011fil; M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerde egemen olan \u0130mam Gazali’nin sorgulamay\u0131 men eden, her \u015feye Vahiy mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir \u015feklindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden kaynaklan\u0131yor. \u015e\u00f6yle geriye bir d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda; el-Farab\u00ee, \u0130bni Sina, \u0130mam Gazal\u00ee, \u0130bni R\u00fc\u015fd, \u0130bni Haldun, \u015eeyh Sad\u00ee, \u00d6mer Hayyam, el-Birun\u00ee, el-Gazen, el-Kind\u00ee… gibi bilim ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yazm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 eserlerle bilim ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131na nas\u0131l muazzam katk\u0131lar sunduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Bunlar, yoksa M\u00fcsl\u00fcman de\u011fildiler mi? H\u00e2\u015f\u00e2! M\u00fcsl\u00fcman’d\u0131lar. Peki, nas\u0131l oluyor da bu bilim ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn adamlar\u0131n\u0131n eserleri Bat\u0131’da h\u00e2l\u00e2 ilgiyle okunuyor ve inceleniyor? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k 1300’l\u00fc y\u0131llara kadar k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 da olsa, \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinde sorgulay\u0131c\u0131, bilgi ve olgulara kar\u015f\u0131 ku\u015fkulu yakla\u015f\u0131m var idi. Bilinmeyenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u011filmiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin;
-Macellan’dan \u00e7ok \u00f6nce Suriyeli Ebul Fida, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 dola\u015fan bir yolcunun, gitti\u011fi y\u00f6ne g\u00f6re, takvimden bir g\u00fcn geri kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da bir g\u00fcn ileride olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat etmi\u015fti.
-Kopernik’ten \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce Harzemli el-Birun\u00ee, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kendi ekseni \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n yer ve durumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren cetvelle de ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.
-Arap fizik\u00e7i el-Gazen, ufkun \u00f6tesinde g\u00fcne\u015fin nas\u0131l indi\u011fini g\u00f6zetleyerek, hava okyanusunun y\u00fcksekli\u011fini alacakaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na kadar \u00f6l\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
-99 eser b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenen, “d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen insan\u0131 her \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde g\u00f6ren” \u0130bni Sina (980-1037), t\u0131p, mant\u0131k, fizik, ilahiyat \u00fczerine “z\u0131nd\u0131k\u00e7a” \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yaparak \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bilime muazzam katk\u0131lar sunmu\u015ftur.
-\u0130bni Haldun (1334-1406), Mukaddime adl\u0131 eseriyle sosyolojinin temellerini atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vs\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlar, hava okyanusunun y\u00fcksekli\u011fini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcp gezegenlerin yolunu tespit ederken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck zerrecikler \u00e2lemini inceliyordu. Bunlar Aristoteles’i iyice biliyorlard\u0131. \u0130skenderiyeli bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 da okumu\u015flard\u0131. K\u0131sacas\u0131, insanl\u0131k yine b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131mlarla ilerliyordu. Sonra Do\u011fu’da parlayan k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Do\u011fu’ya koyu bir karanl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. \u015eehirlerin meydanlar\u0131nda kitaplar yak\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Ba\u011fdat’tan kovulan bilim, ta Kordoba’da (\u0130spanya) bar\u0131nak buldu: Bilim nerede sayg\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, oras\u0131 evi olmu\u015ftur hep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u011fdat’ta, insanlardan uzak ya\u015fayan filozof \u0130mam Gazal\u00ee (1059-1111), bilginin gereksiz, akl\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerken, Kardova’da XII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda filozof \u0130bni R\u00fc\u015fd (1126-1198), bilimi cesaretle savundu. “\u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n Aristo’su” \u0130bni R\u00fc\u015fd, en b\u00fcy\u00fck mutlulu\u011fun bilinmeyenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u011filmekte de\u011fil, her \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenmeye can atmakta oldu\u011funu savundu. O, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortakla\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden s\u00f6z ediyordu. Ama \u0130bni R\u00fc\u015fd gibilerin g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmedi. \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel anlamda karanl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc. “Amel etmesek O’nun vaadetti\u011fi ger\u00e7ek saadete” nas\u0131l eri\u015febiliriz diyen \u0130mam Gazal\u00ee’nin tek\u00e7i, ak\u0131l yerine nakili esas alan, ve her \u015feyin Vahiy ile a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekir, her \u015feyin Kuran’da yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu,-aksi halde, sorgulama yap\u0131l\u0131rsa, ku\u015fkulu bir yakla\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7inde olunursa Allah’\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birli\u011fi (tevhid)’nin de tart\u0131\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131; bunun da “k\u00fcf\u00fcr” oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2lemine egemen oldu. O’na g\u00f6re biz, bize Vahiy olan\u0131 kabul etmeliyiz. D\u00fcnya’ya, olaylara Vahiy bak\u0131\u015f\u0131yla bakmal\u0131y\u0131z, yorumlamal\u0131y\u0131z. Hikmetten sual olunmaz!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n sonucu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel anlamda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00fcretemez oldular. \u0130slam, devletlerin dini oldu. Her \u015feyde geri kal\u0131nd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn istemedi\u011fimiz, arzu etmedi\u011fimiz durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. (Dikkat edilirse, \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n gerileyi\u015fi de bu tarihlerde, 1300’l\u00fc y\u0131llardan sonra ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0131rakal\u0131m \u0130mam Gazali’yi, baz\u0131 kesimlerce “sosyalist” bile oldu\u011fu iddia edilen \u015eark-\u0130slam bilgini, sosyolog \u0130bni Haldun bile Mukaddime adl\u0131 eserinde; “Felsefenin bo\u015f ve yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey oldu\u011funa ve bu bilgiyle u\u011fra\u015fanlar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f bir yola sapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131na” dair a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunur. Bug\u00fcn akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda olan biri, felsefenin “bo\u015f ve yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey” oldu\u011funu iddia edebilir mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu do\u011fru olmayan anlay\u0131\u015f ve yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n en g\u00fczel \u00f6rne\u011fi bug\u00fcn Pakistan’da ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Pakistan’da bug\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 bin medrese var. Bu medreselerde 50 milyon \u00e7ocuk e\u011fitim g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve yine bu medreselerde 5 milyon molla ders vermektedir. Bunlar\u0131n ana dilleri Urduca, Pe\u015ftunca, K\u0131rg\u0131zca… ama medreselerde kendi ana dillerinde de\u011fil de, s\u00fcrekli Arap\u00e7a Kuran’\u0131 okumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Peki, bu 55 milyon insandan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131kar m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0131rakal\u0131m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131, Ekim 2005’te ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck depremde ne yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 dahi bilemediklerini televizyonlardan i\u00e7imiz s\u0131zlayarak izledik. Sadece mollalar de\u011fil, \u00e7ok iyi darbe yapmas\u0131n\u0131 bilen Pakistan Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri’nin de eli kolu ba\u011fl\u0131 kald\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’de yolsuzlu\u011fa batm\u0131\u015f olan K\u0131z\u0131lay gibi bir kurum, Pakistan’da depremin koordinat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlendi. Depremde \u00f6lenlere mi, yaralananlara m\u0131, evsiz barks\u0131z kalanlara m\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fclelim, yoksa bu hakiki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n i\u00e7ler ac\u0131s\u0131 durumlar\u0131na m\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fclelim, bilemiyorum?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benim bildi\u011fim M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u015fimdi karanl\u0131k, k\u00f6r bir kuyunun i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131d\u0131r. Karanl\u0131k kuyudan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerden zor d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bu k\u00f6r kuyudan nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kacaklar?
\u2022 Belleklerde do\u011fa ile do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc birbirinden ayr\u0131lacak,
\u2022 Do\u011fa, yasalar\u0131 ile tan\u0131nacak,
\u2022 Toplumlar, evrensel insani yasalarla olu\u015fturulan kurumlarla y\u00f6netilecek,
\u2022 Bilgi ve geli\u015fme s\u00fcrekli olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eeyh Sad\u00ee (1213\u20131292), “durgun su \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcr” diyor. \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcyen su ise, kokar. Kokan su, insana \u015fifa ve lezzet vermez, zehirler. Bilim, cesur koruyucular\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerde t\u00fcm engelleri a\u015far; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce nerede \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015firse, orada ye\u015ferir. Vesselam…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ocak 2006’de Bilim ve Gelecek dergisinde (Say\u0131: 23),
3 \u015eubat 2006 tarihinde Ergani Haber gazetesinde yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/a>, <\/span>el-birun\u00ee<\/a>, <\/span>el-farab\u00ee<\/a>, <\/span>el-gazen<\/a>, <\/span>el-kind\u00ee<\/a>, <\/span>gazali<\/a>, <\/span>ibni haldun<\/a>, <\/span>ibni r\u00fc\u015fd<\/a>, <\/span>ibni sina<\/a>, <\/span>imam gazal\u00ee<\/a>, <\/span>kuran<\/a>, <\/span>m\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkeler<\/a>, <\/span>\u00f6mer hayyam<\/a>, <\/span>\u015feyh sad\u00ee<\/a>, <\/span>vahiy<\/a>, <\/span>vahiy mant\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“\u0130nsan akl\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesiyle fazileti (iyi) ve k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015fleri birbirinden ay\u0131rt eder” -Aristo G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerden ger\u00e7ek anlamda neden bilim adam\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor? Neden insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fimine bir katk\u0131 sunam\u0131yorlar? Neden M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkeler ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal, askeri ve teknolojik alanda geri? Geni\u015f anlamda bu geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce fukaral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ne yatmaktad\u0131r? Neden \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden mi kaynaklan\u0131yor, yoksa \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde egemen olan \u0130mam Gazal\u00ee’nin sorgulamay\u0131 men eden, “her \u015feye vahiy mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir” \u015feklindeki kabul g\u00f6ren bask\u0131n anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan m\u0131 kaynaklan\u0131yor? Benzer sorular\u0131 \u00e7o\u011faltabiliriz. Bence sorun \u0130slami d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede de\u011fil; M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerde egemen olan \u0130mam Gazali’nin sorgulamay\u0131 men eden, her \u015feye Vahiy mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3901,1197],"tags":[461,4214,4215,4219,4217,4727,3885,4213,4211,4210,3888,4208,4220,4216,4212,4209],"class_list":["post-6179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","category-kultur","tag-dusunur","tag-el-biruni","tag-el-farabi","tag-el-gazen","tag-el-kindi","tag-gazali","tag-ibni-haldun","tag-ibni-rusd","tag-ibni-sina","tag-imam-gazali","tag-kuran-2","tag-musluman-ulkeler","tag-omer-hayyam","tag-seyh-sadi","tag-vahiy","tag-vahiy-mantigi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6179"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6653,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6179\/revisions\/6653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}