<\/p>\n\n\n\n
15-26 Nisan 2006 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Rusya\u2019n\u0131n St. Petersburg\/ Leningrad kentinde bulundum. Sonras\u0131nda \u201cSt. Petersburg\/ Leningrad \u0130zlenimleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m izlenimlerim 26 May\u0131s-30 Haziran 2006 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Ergani\u2019de haftal\u0131k yay\u0131nlanan Ergani Haber gazetesinde, 13-20 Haziran tarihleri aras\u0131nda da Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak yay\u0131nlanan Yeni Yurt gazetesinde dizi halinde yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130zlenimlerim yay\u0131nland\u0131ktan sonra, Petersburg\u2019un ayn\u0131 zamanda K\u00fcrt Tarihi ve K\u00fcrdoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli bir kent oldu\u011funu fark ettim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu yaz\u0131mda, tespit edebildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla -devrim \u00f6ncesi Petersburg\u2019un \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatarak- Petersburg\u2019un bu pek bilinmeyen y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131saca yazmak istiyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Petersburg, K\u00fcrt tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve K\u00fcrdoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. K\u00fcrtlerle ilgili belgelerin ilk bilimsel kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck Katerina\u2019n\u0131n iste\u011fi \u00fczerine 1787\u2019de Petersburg\u2019da bulunan Bilimler Akademisi \u00dcyesi Peter Simon Pallas taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcn dillerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131yla ba\u015flar: Haz\u0131rlanan bu s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn i\u00e7inde 276 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm de bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
18.y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda ise Frans\u0131z oryantalist Herbelot, K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin belirsiz bir d\u00f6neminin k\u0131r hayat\u0131n\u0131 anlatan bir kroni\u011fin oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenir. \u0130ngiliz gezginleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler pahas\u0131na bunun birka\u00e7 kopyas\u0131n\u0131 elde ederler, ama en iyi n\u00fcsha Rus askeri birliklerinin eline ge\u00e7er. 1828\u2019de Rus-\u0130ran sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, General Su\u015ftelen, Erdebil kentini ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011finde Safevilerin \u00fcnl\u00fc kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sava\u015f ganimeti olarak Petersburg\u2019a g\u00f6nderir. Bir\u00e7ok kitap aras\u0131nda Bitlis H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 \u015eerefhan\u2019\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00fcrt Tarihi -\u015eerefname\u2019nin 1599\u2019da bizzat \u015eerefhan taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f imzal\u0131 bir n\u00fcshas\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Rus bilim adamlar\u0131 elyazmas\u0131 bu eserin \u00f6nemini hemen kavrarlar. 1860\u2019da orijinal Fars\u00e7a metni ilk yay\u0131mlayan Akademi \u00dcyesi Velyaminov-Zernov\u2019dur. Sonra Akademi \u00dcyesi F. Charmoy, 1869-1875 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda eserin Frans\u0131zca \u00e7evrisini 4 cilt halinde yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilgin, bu \u00e7eviri i\u00e7in hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn hayat\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. (Bu eser, 1938\u2019de Irakl\u0131 devlet adam\u0131 Muhammed Emin Zeki taraf\u0131ndan K\u00fcrt\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, daha sonra 1945\u2019te Muhammed Ali Avni taraf\u0131ndan Arap\u00e7aya \u00e7evrilmi\u015f ve birinci cildi 1958\u2019de, ikinci cildi 1962\u2019de olmak \u00fczere iki cilt olarak Kahire\u2019de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mehmet Emin Bozarslan, kitab\u0131n Kahire\u2019de bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bu Arap\u00e7a n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. Bu T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evri ilk olarak 1971\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da ANT Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u015eEREFNAME – K\u00fcrt Tarihi ad\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1850\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda iki Rus konsolosu A. \u00c7ozko ve August Jaba, K\u00fcrt\u00e7e ile yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde ilgilenmi\u015flerdir. Konsolos A. Jaba, 1848-1866 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Erzurum\u2019da kalm\u0131\u015f ve Bat\u0131 K\u00fcrt leh\u00e7esiyle ilgilenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7evresine ayd\u0131n bir K\u00fcrt grubu toplayarak, onlar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla K\u00fcrt klasik yazarlar\u0131ndan bir se\u00e7meler kitab\u0131, K\u00fcrt\u00e7e-Frans\u0131zca bir s\u00f6zl\u00fck, Frans\u0131zca-K\u00fcrt\u00e7e bir konu\u015fma kitab\u0131 ve sonunda Frans\u0131zca-Rus\u00e7a-K\u00fcrt\u00e7e b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u00f6zl\u00fck haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan yaln\u0131z ilk iki eser Bilimler Akademisi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahip di\u011fer iki eserin kayboldu\u011fu san\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ama 1913\u2019te V. Minorsky bu eserlerin izini bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130slam Ansiklopedisi\u2019ne \u201cK\u00fcrtler\u201d maddesini yazanlardan biri olan V. Minorsky\u2019nin bir de 1915\u2019te, Petrograd\u2019ta (yani Petersburg\u2019da) \u201cK\u00fcrtler, Notlar ve \u0130zlenimler\u201d isimli Rus\u00e7a bir eseri yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Daha sonralar\u0131 ise, Petersburg\u2019da:
\u2022 1857-1858 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Lerch-Peter\u2019in \u201cK\u00fcrtler ve \u0130ran Kuzey-Kaldelileri \u00dczerine Ara\u015ft\u0131rma\u201d,
\u2022 1857\u2019de, \u201cForschungen \u00fcber die Kurden und die iranischen Norchadaer\u201d,
\u2022 1860\u2019da, Ernest Chantre\u2019nin \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e \u00d6yk\u00fcler ve K\u0131sa Notlardan Bir Deneme\u201d,
\u2022 Yine 1860\u2019da, A. Jaba\u2019n\u0131n \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e Se\u00e7me Par\u00e7alar ve K\u0131sa Notlardan Bir Derleme\u201d,
\u2022 1868-1875 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, F. Cheref Charmoy\u2019n\u0131n \u201c\u015eerefname ya da K\u00fcrt Ulusunun Olgular Y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d,
\u2022 1879\u2019da, A. Jaba ve Justi\u2019nin birlikte haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e-Frans\u0131zca S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u201d,
\u2022 1860\u2019de A. Jaba\u2019n\u0131n \u201cK\u00fcrt Anlat\u0131lar\u0131 ve K\u0131sa Derleme\u201d,
\u2022 1880\u2019de, Ferdinand Justi\u2019nin \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e Gramer\u201d,
\u2022 1887-1890 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, E. Prym ve A. Socin\u2019nin birlikte haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 4 ciltlik \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e Koleksiyonu\u201d,
\u2022 1883-1922 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, V.A. Zhukovkij\u2019in \u201cMaterial dlja izuceija persidskikh nareci\u201d,
\u2022 1900\u2019da, Hugo Makas\u2019\u0131n (Heidelberg\u2019de) \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar: Diyarbak\u0131r \u015eivesinin Bir \u00d6rne\u011fi\u201d,
\u2022 1926\u2019da, yine Hugo Makas\u2019\u0131n (Leningrad\u2019da) \u201cKurmanci K\u00fcrt\u00e7esiyle Metinler: Mardin Y\u00f6resi \u015eivesiyle\u201d gibi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli eserler yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Petersburg\u2019da bulunan Bilimler Akademisi\u2019nin K\u00fcrt incelemelerindeki rol\u00fc, di\u011fer yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki bilim adamlar\u0131nca da kabul edilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Justi, Prym ve Socin gibi Alman bilginleri ve Avusturyal\u0131 bilgin Nakas, bu konudaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlans\u0131n diye Bilimler Akademisi\u2019ne g\u00f6ndermi\u015flerdir. K\u0131saca, K\u00fcrtler \u00fczerine belli-ba\u015fl\u0131 her eser o d\u00f6nem Petersburg\u2019da yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r denilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M. Orbeli, 1917 Ekim Devrimi \u00f6ncesinde, K\u00fcrt incelemeleri konusunda yo\u011fun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde olmu\u015f ve y\u00f6neticisi oldu\u011fu Hermitage M\u00fczesi\u2019ndeki i\u015flerinden artakalan zaman\u0131n\u0131 bu incelemelere ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nicolas J. Marr ve okulu, bu arada Vil\u00e7evsky, Rus K\u00fcrdolojisinde yeni bir a\u015fama yaratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
1917 Ekim Devrimi sonras\u0131nda ba\u015fkent Moskova\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131nca, K\u00fcrt Tarihi ve K\u00fcrdoloji \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc Moskova\u2019ya kaym\u0131\u015f, ama yine de Petersburg\u2019da benzer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr: 1931\u2019de Leningrad \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde, Fars Filoloji K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u00fcrt inceleme grubu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kaynak\u00e7a: 7 Temmuz 2006 <\/p>\n\n\n 15-26 Nisan 2006 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Rusya\u2019n\u0131n St. Petersburg\/ Leningrad kentinde bulundum. Sonras\u0131nda \u201cSt. Petersburg\/ Leningrad \u0130zlenimleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m izlenimlerim 26 May\u0131s-30 Haziran 2006 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Ergani\u2019de haftal\u0131k yay\u0131nlanan Ergani Haber gazetesinde, 13-20 Haziran tarihleri aras\u0131nda da Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak yay\u0131nlanan Yeni Yurt gazetesinde dizi halinde yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u0130zlenimlerim yay\u0131nland\u0131ktan sonra, Petersburg\u2019un ayn\u0131 zamanda K\u00fcrt Tarihi ve K\u00fcrdoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli bir kent oldu\u011funu fark ettim. Bu yaz\u0131mda, tespit edebildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla -devrim \u00f6ncesi Petersburg\u2019un \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatarak- Petersburg\u2019un bu pek bilinmeyen y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131saca yazmak istiyorum. Petersburg, K\u00fcrt tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve K\u00fcrdoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. K\u00fcrtlerle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3901,1197],"tags":[4151,3097,4152,4150,477,468,109],"class_list":["post-6143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","category-kultur","tag-bilimler-akademisi","tag-kurdoloji","tag-kurt-tarihi-serefname","tag-kurt-tarihi-ve-kurdoloji","tag-leningrad","tag-petersburg","tag-rusya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6143"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6144,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6143\/revisions\/6144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
1. Bazil Nikitin, K\u00dcRTLER, Deng Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 5.Bask\u0131, s. 493-496 ve di\u011fer sayfalar.
2. Dr. Cem\u015fit Bender, K\u00fcrt Tarihi ve Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kaynak Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 6.Bask\u0131, s. 270-282.
3. \u015eerefhan, \u015eEREFNAME -K\u00fcrt Tarihi, Hasat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 3.Bask\u0131, \u00d6ns\u00f6z.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ergani Haber Gazetesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n