{"id":6053,"date":"2006-07-07T19:29:00","date_gmt":"2006-07-07T19:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6053"},"modified":"2023-06-19T19:56:01","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T19:56:01","slug":"anilarimdaki-maden","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6053","title":{"rendered":"An\u0131lar\u0131mdaki Maden"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

R\u00fcya m\u0131yd\u0131 hepsi, yoksa \u015fimdi mi r\u00fcyaday\u0131m.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maden, Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesi<\/strong> <\/em>sayesinde eskiden \u00e7ok \u015fen, canl\u0131 bir il\u00e7eyken, bug\u00fcn Bak\u0131r \u0130\u015fletmesi<\/em>‘nin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve faaliyetine son verilmesi nedeniyle eski canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f, yo\u011fun g\u00f6\u00e7 veren cans\u0131z bir il\u00e7e konumuna d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bak\u0131r cevherleri t\u00fckendi diye i\u015fletmenin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu, Madenlilerin \u00e7o\u011fu ba\u015fta Elaz\u0131\u011f olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fka yerlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. \u0130ki da\u011f yamac\u0131nda kurulu bulunan ve kibrit kutusu gibi birbirlerinin \u00fczerine konulan evlerin \u00e7o\u011fu ne yaz\u0131k ki bug\u00fcn sahipsiz birer harabeye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. Fabrika bacalar\u0131 ise, birer an\u0131t gibi t\u00fcm g\u00f6rkemleriyle ayakta, ama bacalar\u0131 t\u00fctm\u00fcyor. Art\u0131k bak\u0131r \u00fcretilmiyor. Oysa eskiden Maden ve Maden’de hayat bir ba\u015fkayd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn ise, Maden kendi haline terk edilmi\u015f, \u00e7aresiz. Acilen derdine bir \u00e7are bulunmal\u0131: Projeler geli\u015ftirilmeli, yoksa il\u00e7enin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maden’le hem benim, hem de Ergani’nin ili\u015fkileri hep s\u0131cak olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benim ili\u015fkilerimde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kanlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birincisi, 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenciyken 60 i\u015fg\u00fcn\u00fc olan Kimya M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Staj’<\/strong>\u0131<\/em>m\u0131 Maden’de, Etibank Ergani Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesi<\/strong><\/em>‘nde maden sahas\u0131, izabe, laboratuar, asit \u00fcnitesi gibi hemen hemen t\u00fcm birimlerinde yapt\u0131m. Yemekhanesinde yemek yedim, izabede i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7ay\u0131 i\u00e7tim, sendika lokalinde i\u015f\u00e7i toplant\u0131lar\u0131na ve devrimci \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131m: G\u00fczel an\u0131lar\u0131m var. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n s\u0131cak ilgisini ve i\u015f\u00e7ilere her g\u00fcn birer tane da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan ve staj d\u00f6nemimde bana da verilen tay\u0131n<\/strong>\/<\/em>somun ekme\u011fin kokusunu hi\u00e7 unutmad\u0131m!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kincisi, 1975’te, babam\u0131n Maden \u0130l\u00e7e M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fck<\/strong> <\/em>binas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda bulunan caminin minaresini yapmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu minarenin yap\u0131m\u0131nda ben ve karde\u015fim Haydar’\u0131n da eme\u011fi vard\u0131r. G\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc al\u0131nan bu i\u015fte, babam\u0131za yard\u0131m i\u00e7in; ben ve Haydar ta\u015f yontma, duvar \u00f6rme, har\u00e7 yapma ve ta\u015f\u0131ma gibi bir\u00e7ok i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Bazen ikimiz birlikte giderdik, bazen de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 giderdik. Yap\u0131lan minarenin \u00fczerinden Maden’i yukardan seyir etmek \u00e7ok ho\u015ftu: Unutmad\u0131m!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ergani’nin Maden’le ili\u015fkileri ise, tarihten gelmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca idari, ekonomik ve de kom\u015fuluktan gelen bir ili\u015fkisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihten gelen ili\u015fkiler nedeniyle; \u00e7o\u011fu yerli ve yabanc\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131larca ve tarihi belgelerde \u00e7o\u011fu kez Ergani ve Maden kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Maden’de bulunan bak\u0131r madeninin Ergani ismiyle \u00f6zde\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131, Ergani 1846 y\u0131l\u0131nda sancak iken birden il merkezinin Maden’e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmayla birlikte isminin Ergani Maden Sanca\u011f\u0131<\/strong> <\/em>olarak an\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu sanca\u011f\u0131n Diyarbak\u0131r’a ba\u011flanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar isim kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na temel olu\u015fturdu. 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye’de yap\u0131lan yeni idari d\u00fczenlemeyle sancak y\u00f6netimine son verilmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda, 1926 tarih ve 877 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunla Ergani Maden Sanca\u011f\u0131 da kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Ergani il\u00e7e olarak Diyarbak\u0131r’a, Maden ise il\u00e7e olarak Elaz\u0131\u011f’a ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ergani-Maden aras\u0131ndaki ekonomik ili\u015fkilerin temelini ise, Ergani Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesi ve bu i\u015fletmede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Fabrikada \u00e7ok say\u0131da Erganili i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Sendika ve sendika se\u00e7imlerinde Erganililer ile ba\u015fka il\u00e7eliler ve CHP’liler ile Adalet Partililer aras\u0131nda bitmez t\u00fckenmez, k\u0131yas\u0131ya bir m\u00fccadele s\u00fcrerdi. Erganiler ilk defa sendika, s\u00f6zle\u015fme, sigorta, i\u015f g\u00fcvencesi, grev gibi s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri bu i\u015fletmede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan duydu diyebilirim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fabrika \u00fc\u00e7 vardiya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Maden’e Ergani’den sabah, ak\u015fam ve gece Belediye Park\u0131’n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnden i\u015f\u00e7i servisleri kalkard\u0131. Belediye Park\u0131’n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, 1970’li y\u0131llarda Yahya Amcam ve babam farkl\u0131 tarihlerde kahve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu kahvelerde ben de \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Kahvelerdeki bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m nedeniyle, Maden’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ileri yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131d\u0131m. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler servislere binmeden \u00f6nce kahvede veya kahve \u00f6n\u00fcnde oturur, oyun oynar ve \u00e7aylar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erlerdi… Bug\u00fcn hepsi yalan oldu!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, Ergani Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesi’ne Ergani’den \u00e7akmak ta\u015f\u0131 giderdi. Ergani’nin yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 kilometre g\u00fcneyinde, hemen tren istasyonunun biti\u015fi\u011finde Kesker<\/strong> <\/em>denilen bir \u00fcnite\/at\u00f6lye vard\u0131. Burada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler Etibank Ergani Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesinin i\u015f\u00e7ileri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131. \u00c7evreden toplanan \u00e7akmak ta\u015flar\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131larak vagonlara doldurulup demiryoluyla Maden’e g\u00f6nderilirdi. \u00c7akmak ta\u015f\u0131 izabede\/f\u0131r\u0131nda bak\u0131r ergitmede kataliz\u00f6r, yani i\u015flemi \u00e7abukla\u015ft\u0131ran malzeme olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Kesker’de a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f makinalar\u0131 ve damperli kamyonlar, usta s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve kalifiye i\u015f\u00e7iler bulunurdu. Erganili bir\u00e7ok aile Kesker i\u015fletmesinden ve Maden’deki fabrikadan ekmek yedi. Ayr\u0131ca, bu i\u015fletmeler Ergani’nin sosyal ve ekonomik ya\u015fam\u0131na \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fabrika, bu katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00e7evre ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da olumsuz olarak etkilemi\u015ftir. Maden’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve Maden’de ya\u015fayanlar fabrika bacas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan bol k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit (SO2<\/sub>) gaz\u0131n\u0131 ve bu gaz\u0131n rutubetle, ya\u011fmurla birle\u015fmesi sonucu olu\u015fan s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asitli (H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>) havay\u0131 az m\u0131 teneff\u00fcs etti. Acaba ka\u00e7 ki\u015fi bu fabrikan\u0131n bacas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan gazlar sonucu solunum yolu veya akci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n pen\u00e7esine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc veya ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ben hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum, r\u00fczg\u00e2r kuzeyden esti\u011fi zamanlar fabrika bacas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan duman\u0131n kokusu taa Ergani’ye, \u00dc\u00e7evler’e kadar geliyordu. Maden ve Ergani’deki da\u011flar\u0131n ve arazilerin a\u011fa\u00e7s\u0131z olmas\u0131nda, bu duman\u0131n da katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Eskiden bak\u0131r\u0131 elde etmek\/eritmek i\u00e7in ta\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc yerine odun kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, fabrika \u00e7evresinde, civar\u0131nda ne kadar me\u015fe ve di\u011fer a\u011fa\u00e7 varsa kesilip Maden’e g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ve fabrika bacas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit gazlar\u0131n\u0131n havada nem, ya\u011fmur, karla birle\u015ferek asit ya\u011fmuru olarak ya\u011fmas\u0131 sonucu \u00e7evredeki otu, a\u011fac\u0131, b\u00f6ce\u011fi, kurdu-ku\u015fu k\u0131sacas\u0131 do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131 olumsuz etkilendi. Bu nedenle, \u00e7evrede orman ve me\u015felikler bitti. Do\u011fal \u00e7evre de\u011fi\u015ferek \u00e7orak bir hale geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fabrika bacalar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit gaz\u0131 1975 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar do\u011frudan do\u011fruya havaya veriliyordu. 1975 y\u0131l\u0131nda fabrika i\u00e7ersinde \u0130talyanlara Asit \u00dcnitesi<\/strong> <\/em>yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu \u00fcnite ile k\u0131saca, bacadan \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit (SO2<\/sub>) gaz\u0131 fanla emilip \u00fczerine k\u0131zg\u0131n su buhar\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclerek k\u00fck\u00fcrttrioksite (SO3<\/sub>) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmeye ve bu k\u00fck\u00fcrttirioksitin \u00fczerine yeniden tekrar k\u0131zg\u0131n su buhar\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclerek s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit (H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>) elde edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Yeni bir istihdam alan\u0131 ve ekonomik bir \u00fcr\u00fcn elde edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Ama asidi satacak yer bulunamad\u0131, asit elde kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte, bu elde edilen asit daha \u00f6nceleri hep havaya veriliyordu. Bu havaya savrulan asidin \u00e7evre ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz olarak etkilememesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi de hi\u00e7bir \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmadan i\u015fletmenin at\u0131k sular\u0131, flotasyon (y\u00fczd\u00fcrerek cevher zenginle\u015ftirme) havuzlar\u0131n\u0131n bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu yo\u011fun kimyasallar\u0131 i\u00e7eren sular do\u011frudan Dicle’nin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli kollar\u0131ndan biri olan Maden \u00c7ay\u0131<\/em><\/strong>‘na verilmesiydi. Bu kirli su Maden \u00c7ay\u0131’<\/em>ndaki do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131 t\u00fcmden, Dicle Nehri<\/strong>‘<\/em>ni de k\u0131smen olumsuz etkilemekteydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fabrika \u015fimdi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor. Art\u0131k at\u0131k sular \u00e7aya verilmiyor. Bakal\u0131m ne kadar s\u00fcrede \u00e7ay kirlerinden ar\u0131narak eski haline gelecek?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Binlerce insan, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayan\u0131yla Ergani Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesi’nden ekmek yedi. T\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye’de oldu\u011fu gibi, ba\u015fta y\u00f6neticiler ve sendikac\u0131lar olmak \u00fczere \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 kurumlar\u0131 hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi, ekmek yedikleri sofraya pislediler. \u015eimdi ne kurum kald\u0131, ne ekmek?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaz\u0131k oldu g\u00fczelim Maden’e, yaz\u0131k oldu Ergani Bak\u0131r \u0130\u015fletmesi’ne!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7 Temmuz 2006 tarihinde Ergani Haber gazetesinde,
28 May\u0131s 2007 tarihinde www.madenliyiz.biz sitesinde yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

an\u0131lar\u0131mdaki maden<\/a>, <\/span>asit \u00fcnitesi<\/a>, <\/span>bak\u0131r maden i\u015fletmesi<\/a>, <\/span>\u00e7evre<\/a>, <\/span>ergani<\/a>, <\/span>ergani maden sanca\u011f\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>etibank ergani<\/a>, <\/span>Kesker<\/a>, <\/span>k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit<\/a>, <\/span>maden \u00e7ay\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>minare yap\u0131m\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>staj<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00fcya m\u0131yd\u0131 hepsi, yoksa \u015fimdi mi r\u00fcyaday\u0131m. Maden, Bak\u0131r Maden \u0130\u015fletmesi sayesinde eskiden \u00e7ok \u015fen, canl\u0131 bir il\u00e7eyken, bug\u00fcn Bak\u0131r \u0130\u015fletmesi‘nin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve faaliyetine son verilmesi nedeniyle eski canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f, yo\u011fun g\u00f6\u00e7 veren cans\u0131z bir il\u00e7e konumuna d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bak\u0131r cevherleri t\u00fckendi diye i\u015fletmenin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu, Madenlilerin \u00e7o\u011fu ba\u015fta Elaz\u0131\u011f olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fka yerlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. \u0130ki da\u011f yamac\u0131nda kurulu bulunan ve kibrit kutusu gibi birbirlerinin \u00fczerine konulan evlerin \u00e7o\u011fu ne yaz\u0131k ki bug\u00fcn sahipsiz birer harabeye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. Fabrika bacalar\u0131 ise, birer an\u0131t gibi t\u00fcm g\u00f6rkemleriyle ayakta, ama bacalar\u0131 t\u00fctm\u00fcyor. Art\u0131k bak\u0131r \u00fcretilmiyor. Oysa eskiden Maden ve Maden’de hayat bir ba\u015fkayd\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[928,1197,1064],"tags":[3959,3962,3961,1498,129,3965,3966,2915,3964,3967,3960,3963],"class_list":["post-6053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cevre","category-kultur","category-tarih","tag-anilarimdaki-maden","tag-asit-unitesi","tag-bakir-maden-isletmesi","tag-cevre","tag-ergani","tag-ergani-maden-sancagi","tag-etibank-ergani","tag-kesker","tag-kukurtdioksit","tag-maden-cayi","tag-minare-yapimi","tag-staj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6053"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6054,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6053\/revisions\/6054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}