{"id":6021,"date":"2005-10-07T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2005-10-07T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6021"},"modified":"2023-06-19T14:36:41","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T14:36:41","slug":"medeniyetler-catismasi-mi-imparatorluk-hakimiyeti-mi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=6021","title":{"rendered":"Medeniyetler \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 m\u0131, \u0130mparatorluk H\u00e2kimiyeti mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Samuel P. Huntington, Sezai Karako\u00e7 ve Neo-Marksistler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerikan yeni sa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n politik hatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Harvard \u00dcniversitesi’nde Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Samuel P. Huntington, 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda Medeniyetler \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 adl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda: K\u0131saca, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n Amerika ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa’n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bat\u0131; Rusya ve Do\u011fu Avrupa’n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Slav-Ortodoks; Latin Amerika, Japon, Konf\u00fc\u00e7y\u00fcs, Hindu, \u0130sl\u00e2m medeniyetlerinin aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fim ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmayla \u015fekillenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (Medeniyetler \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Vadi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, s.13\u201341)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f d\u00fcnyada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rd\u0131. Olumlu olumsuz bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yaz\u0131ya konu oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc \u015fairimiz ve hem\u015ferim Sezai Karako\u00e7 da \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Yolu adl\u0131 eserinde aynen S. Huntington gibi D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Bat\u0131 Medeniyeti, Do\u011fu Medeniyeti ve \u0130sl\u00e2m Medeniyeti olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 medeniyet olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve bu \u00fc\u00e7 medeniyet aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n oldu\u011funu belirtir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Bat\u0131, temeli olan Roma’dan, d\u00fcnyaya h\u00e2kimiyet ilkesini ald\u0131. D\u00fcnyaya d\u00fczen verme ideali vard\u0131 romal\u0131lar\u0131n. Bu ideali de daha \u00e7ok kuvvetle ve tabii, nizam kurarak, \u00f6rg\u00fct kurarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Fakat neticede, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyunduruk alt\u0131na alma ideali, esas\u0131nda, insan tabiat\u0131na z\u0131t, hakikata z\u0131t bir idealdir. Bu sebeple, Roma’n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n ruhlar\u0131nda, \u015fuuraltlar\u0131na ge\u00e7en bir kompleks do\u011furdu. Yani, ondan sonraki b\u00fct\u00fcn bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131, hep Roma’y\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek isterler. Roma-Germen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Mukaddes-Roma Germen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu gibi adlarla hep Roma’y\u0131 diriltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. En son, \u00e7arl\u0131k, fa\u015fizm, nazizm ve hatta kom\u00fcnizm de asl\u0131nda Roma’n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka \u015fekilde diriltilmesi idealiydi. Fakat onlar, acelecilikle, almanlar\u0131n acelecili\u011fi sebebiyle emellerine varamad\u0131lar, kavu\u015famad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerika da, bir ba\u015fka \u015fekilde, yeni bir Roma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme olay\u0131d\u0131r. Dikkat ederseniz, D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Yeni D\u00fczeni deniyor. Yeni D\u00fczen derken, yine Roma’y\u0131, yeni Roma’y\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istiyorlar. Bu sebepledir ki, Bat\u0131n\u0131n ruhunda s\u00fcreklice bir Sezar vard\u0131r. Bu Sezar d\u00fcnyay\u0131 y\u00f6netecektir. \u2026Amerika’da, bu biraz daha komplike bir \u015fekilde cereyan etmektedir. Fakat netice de\u011fi\u015fmiyor. Oysa, insanl\u0131k, b\u00fct\u00fcn cepheleriyle \u00e7ok boyutlu, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck realitedir. Yani bir Do\u011fu realitesi var. Asya medeniyetleri var. Bir \u00c7in, eski \u00c7in medeniyeti var. \u0130\u015fte, bir de, ortada, \u0130sl\u00e2m Medeniyeti var. Bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck medeniyetlerin sergisi olan bir d\u00fcnya, sadece, hakimiyet, d\u00fczen verme iddias\u0131yla hakimiyet m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Belki b\u00fct\u00fcn bu, insanl\u0131\u011fa hakim olma, onlar\u0131 ezerek de\u011fil de, onlar\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcllerini fethederek, onlar\u0131n ruhlar\u0131na hitapederek, n\u00fcfuz ederek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte \u0130sl\u00e2m Medeniyeti’nin Bat\u0131 Medeniyeti’nden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta buras\u0131d\u0131r.” (\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Yolu-I, Dirili\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, s.85\u201386)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M. Hardt ve A. Negri gibi Bat\u0131l\u0131 bir\u00e7ok Marksist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ise, Samuel P. Huntington ve Sezai Karako\u00e7’un aksine, D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 medeniyete b\u00f6l\u00fcnmedi\u011fini, bir tek imparatorlu\u011fun oldu\u011funu; \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n da medeniyetler aras\u0131 de\u011fil, imparatorlukla imparatorlu\u011fun egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlar aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131yorlar ve “Emperyalizm” kavram\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yeterli gelmedi\u011fini, emperyalizm yerine Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fundan esinlenerek “\u0130mparatorluk” kavram\u0131n\u0131 kullanmay\u0131 daha do\u011fru bulmaktad\u0131rlar. K\u0131saca; “Emperyalizmin aksine \u0130mparatorluk, toprak temelli bir iktidar merkezi yaratmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi sabit s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ya da engelleri de tan\u0131maz. \u0130mparatorluk, giderek b\u00fct\u00fcn yerk\u00fcreyi kendi a\u00e7\u0131k ve geni\u015fleyen hudutlar\u0131 i\u00e7ine katmakta olan merkezsiz ve topraks\u0131z bir y\u00f6netim ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mparatorluk, de\u011fi\u015fen komuta a\u011flar\u0131 yoluyla melez kimlikleri, esnek hiyerar\u015fileri ve \u00e7oklu m\u00fcbadeleyi idare ediyor. Emperyalist d\u00fcnya haritas\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131 ulusal renkler \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun k\u00fcresel g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde erimekte ve kaybolmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modern emperyalist k\u00fcresel co\u011frafyan\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi ve d\u00fcnya piyasas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7eklik kazanmas\u0131 kapitalist \u00fcretim tarz\u0131 i\u00e7indeki bir ge\u00e7i\u015fe i\u015faret eder. En \u00f6nemlisi, \u00fc\u00e7 D\u00fcnya (Birinci, \u0130kinci, \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya) uzamsal b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri \u00f6yle bir kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki, s\u00fcrekli olarak Birinci D\u00fcnya’y\u0131 \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya’da, \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya’y\u0131 Birinci D\u00fcnya’da g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz; ikinci D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n yerindeyse yeller esiyor. Sermayenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00fcmd\u00fcz bir d\u00fcnya uzan\u0131yor” tespiti yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve sonra da, \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc buyru\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Emperyal stratejinin do\u011fru form\u00fcl\u00fc “b\u00f6l ve y\u00f6net” de\u011fildir. \u0130mparatorluk, en az\u0131ndan, b\u00f6l\u00fcnme yaratmak yerine var olan ya da potansiyel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131r, onlar\u0131 kutlar ve genel bir komuta ekonomisi i\u00e7inde d\u00fczenler. \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun \u00fc\u00e7 buyru\u011fu \u015fudur: \u0130\u00e7ine al, farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r, y\u00f6net.” (M. Hardt & A. Negri, \u0130mparatorluk, Ayr\u0131nt\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, s.19 ve 214)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yorumsuz sundum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De\u011ferlendirmeyi siz de\u011ferli okuyucular\u0131ma b\u0131rak\u0131yorum. D\u00fcnya’da olup-biteni iyi anlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in, bu konularda tart\u0131\u015fma ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce al\u0131\u015f veri\u015fi yaparak bilgilerimizi olgunla\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revi \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde duruyor diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7 Ekim 2005
Ergani Haber Gazetesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

(m. hardt<\/a>, <\/span>A. Negri<\/a>, <\/span>imparatorluk h\u00e2kimiyeti mi<\/a>, <\/span>medeniyetler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 m\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>neo-marksistler<\/a>, <\/span>roma<\/a>, <\/span>Samuel P. Huntington<\/a>, <\/span>sezai karako\u00e7<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Samuel P. Huntington, Sezai Karako\u00e7 ve Neo-Marksistler Amerikan yeni sa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n politik hatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Harvard \u00dcniversitesi’nde Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Samuel P. Huntington, 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda Medeniyetler \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 adl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda: K\u0131saca, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n Amerika ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa’n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bat\u0131; Rusya ve Do\u011fu Avrupa’n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Slav-Ortodoks; Latin Amerika, Japon, Konf\u00fc\u00e7y\u00fcs, Hindu, \u0130sl\u00e2m medeniyetlerinin aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fim ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmayla \u015fekillenece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (Medeniyetler \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Vadi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, s.13\u201341) Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f d\u00fcnyada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rd\u0131. Olumlu olumsuz bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yaz\u0131ya konu oldu. \u00dcnl\u00fc \u015fairimiz ve hem\u015ferim Sezai Karako\u00e7 da \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Yolu adl\u0131 eserinde aynen S. Huntington gibi D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Bat\u0131 Medeniyeti, Do\u011fu Medeniyeti ve<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[3911,1524,3912,3910,3913,218,1517,492],"class_list":["post-6021","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politika","tag-m-hardt-2","tag-a-negri","tag-imparatorluk-hakimiyeti-mi","tag-medeniyetler-catismasi-mi","tag-neo-marksistler","tag-roma","tag-samuel-p-huntington","tag-sezai-karakoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6021","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6021"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6021\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6022,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6021\/revisions\/6022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}