{"id":4907,"date":"1995-07-01T17:16:00","date_gmt":"1995-07-01T17:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4907"},"modified":"2023-05-18T17:29:43","modified_gmt":"2023-05-18T17:29:43","slug":"cevre-el-kitabi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4907","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7evre El Kitab\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Motorlu Ta\u015f\u0131t S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri ve S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Kursu \u00d6\u011fretmenleri \u0130\u00e7in<\/strong><\/p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcz\u00fclmez, Kendi Yay\u0131n\u0131, Temmuz 1995, \u0130stanbul, 131 sayfa.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6NS\u00d6Z<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul’da n\u00fcfusun h\u0131zla artmas\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f kentle\u015fme ile birlikte; kalitesiz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, enerji tasarrufuna dikkat edilmemesi, iyi se\u00e7ilmemi\u015f soba ve kalorifer kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, trafikteki ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, yollar\u0131n ihtiyaca cevap vermemesi, trafikteki ara\u00e7lar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n eski ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da bak\u0131m ve ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda gerekti\u011fi \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle hava kirlili\u011fi insan ve \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eder boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak hava kirlili\u011fini azaltmak ve hava kalitesini korumak i\u00e7in temiz-kaliteli yak\u0131t temini, \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131-enerji tasarrufu konular\u0131nda gerekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yaparken; ayn\u0131 zamanda iyi yakma sistemlerinin yani soba ve kazanlar\u0131n \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131, mevcut kalorifer kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi; i\u015fyerlerinden kaynaklanan kirliliklerin aral\u0131ks\u0131z denetimlerle kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.
Hava kirlili\u011fi tabii ki yaln\u0131z konutlardaki \u0131s\u0131nma ve end\u00fcstriden kaynaklanmamaktad\u0131r. Hava kirlili\u011fi ile g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fine de etki eden di\u011fer bir kirlilik kayna\u011f\u0131 da trafikteki motorlu ara\u00e7lard\u0131r.
\u0130stanbul’da bug\u00fcn bir milyondan fazla ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fe kay\u0131tl\u0131 olup, bunlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hareket halinde oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, trafikten kaynaklanan kirlili\u011fin boyutunun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ortadad\u0131r. Bu nedenle ara\u00e7 egzoz gazlar\u0131n\u0131n kirletici etkilerini azaltmak i\u00e7in; ara\u00e7lar\u0131n motor yap\u0131lar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler konusunda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara h\u0131z verilmeli, temiz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131lmal\u0131, kalalitik konvert\u00f6r ve kur\u015funsuz benzin kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler d\u00fczenlenecek kurslarla yayg\u0131n \u015fekilde e\u011fitilmelidir.
\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi olarak genelde hava kirlili\u011fini ve \u00f6zelde de ara\u00e7lardan kaynaklanan kirlili\u011fi en az d\u00fczeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in yo\u011fun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7erisindeyiz. Bu ama\u00e7la Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zca al\u0131nan bir adet benzinli ve bir adette dizel ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in “Egzoz Gaz\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Cihaz\u0131” ile Belediyemiz ve ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n egzoz gazlar\u0131 kontrol edilmekte, kirlili\u011fe olacak ara\u00e7lar\u0131n trafi\u011fe \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 engellenerek bak\u0131ma al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktay\u0131z. Belediyemiz ayr\u0131ca;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Otob\u00fcs say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak, mevcut otob\u00fcslerini yenileyerek, toplu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa gerekli \u00f6nemi vererek ara\u00e7lardan kaynaklanan kirlili\u011fi azaltmaya,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Yollarda bak\u0131m, onar\u0131m, asfaltlama, sinyalizasyon, yeni yol ve kav\u015fak d\u00fczenlemelerine a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vererek trafik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rmaya, trafik y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hafifletmeye,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Metro, h\u0131zl\u0131 tramvay \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 kesintisiz s\u00fcrd\u00fcrerek; ula\u015f\u0131mda, toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma sistemlerini petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yak\u0131tlara dayal\u0131 sistemleri yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmaya,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Do\u011falgaz\u0131n konut ve i\u015fyerlerinde en geni\u015f \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015famak i\u00e7in, imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hizmetine sunma gayreti i\u00e7erisindedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Belediyemiz bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinin e\u011fitilmesi ve \u00e7evreye daha duyarl\u0131 olmalar\u0131na da \u00f6nem vermektedir. Bu ba\u011flamda \u0130stanbul Esnaf Odas\u0131’n\u0131n “taksi, minib\u00fcs ve servis ara\u00e7lar\u0131 mal sahibi ve \u015fof\u00f6rlerinin mesleklerini y\u00fcr\u00fctebilmelerini temin i\u00e7in d\u00fczenledi\u011fi e\u011fitim kurslar\u0131”na teknik elemanlar\u0131n\u0131 “\u00c7evre Bilgisi” dersleri i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.
    S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerle ilgili \u00e7evre e\u011fitimi konusunda var olan noksanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in Belediyemizin teknik elemanlar\u0131ndan Kim. M\u00fch. M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcZ\u00dcLMEZ’in haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu “Motorlu Ta\u015f\u0131t S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri ve S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Kurslar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u00c7EVRE EL K\u0130TABI”n\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin e\u011fitiminde katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ummaktay\u0131m.
    Temiz ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015famak arzusuyla t\u00fcm ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerine ba\u015far\u0131lar diler, kazas\u0131z belas\u0131z yolculuklar temenni ederim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    15.06.1995
    Do\u00e7.Dr. Mustafa \u00d6ZT\u00dcRK
    \u00c7evre Koruma ve Geli\u015ftirme Daire Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    “\u00c7EVRE EL K\u0130TABI” \u00dcZER\u0130NE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00c7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131ndan k\u00fclt\u00fcre ve do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na kadar bir\u00e7ok konuyu i\u00e7erdi\u011fi, ulusal ve uluslar aras\u0131 boyuta kadar da uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir.
    Bu sorunlardan \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 hava ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu kirlilikler h\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131, kentle\u015fme ve sanayile\u015fme gibi olgular\u0131n etkisiyle gittik\u00e7e \u00f6nem kazanmakta ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden boyutlara eri\u015febilmektedir.
    Hava kirlili\u011fi ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fini yaratan kaynaklar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda motorlu kara ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 gelmektedir. Bir insan\u0131n 24 saatte ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu havan\u0131n bir tek arac\u0131n 10 dakika \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile tehlikeli hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, konunun \u00f6nemini belirtmede yeterli olaca\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131m. Buna bir de olumsuz meteorolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131, artan ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyen trafi\u011fi, ara\u00e7 bak\u0131m ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rleri ilave etti\u011fimizde tehlike bir kat daha artmaktad\u0131r.
    Ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6nemli yeri olan ve kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7emeyece\u011fimiz motorlu kara ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131daki olumsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131 en alt d\u00fczeye indirmek i\u00e7in ara\u00e7lar\u0131n imalatlar\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda, trafik yol ve g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131 ile i\u015faret levhalar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde ve nihayet s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc gibi unsurlar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rlerin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.
    \u00d6zellikle motorlu ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri ile \u00e7evreye duyarl\u0131 her kesimin bug\u00fcn\u00fcne ve gelece\u011fine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutaca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu eserin onlara ayr\u0131ca \u00fcstlerine d\u00fc\u015fen sorumlulu\u011fu yerine getirmelerinin mutlulu\u011funu kazand\u0131racakt\u0131r.
    Uzun y\u0131llar \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7evre Koruma ve Kontrol M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde beraber \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan onur duydu\u011fumuz meslekta\u015f\u0131m M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcZ\u00dcLMEZ’in \u00e7evreye duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu yeni eser ile de g\u00f6rmekten b\u00fcy\u00fck mutluluk duymakta ve devam\u0131n\u0131 dilemekteyiz.
    Sayg\u0131lar\u0131mla\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    26.06.1995
    Metin YELDAN
    \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131
    \u00c7evre Koruma ve Kontrol M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc
    M\u00fcd\u00fcr Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    SUNU\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    E\u011fitim, insan ile ya\u015fam aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rmektedir. \u0130nsan\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu \u00e7evrede olu\u015fan t\u00fcm de\u011fi\u015fikliklere uyumu, onun e\u011fitilmesi ile olas\u0131d\u0131r.
    Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde \u00e7ok say\u0131da kamu veya \u00f6zel kurum kendi hizmet alanlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re toplumsal kalk\u0131nmaya katk\u0131da bulunmak amac\u0131yla yayg\u0131n e\u011fitim yapmaktad\u0131r. 1980’li y\u0131llardan sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck kurum ve kurulu\u015flar, \u00f6rg\u00fct yap\u0131lar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yaparak, kendi b\u00fcnyelerinde e\u011fitim birimleri kurmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu kurulu\u015flar\u0131n e\u011fitim faaliyetleri ve programlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hizmeti\u00e7i e\u011fitim \u015fakilinde oldu\u011fu veya genelde k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve bilgi d\u00fczeyini y\u00fckseltmeyi ama\u00e7layan programlar olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Burada siz ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc kurs “Usta \u00d6\u011freticiler”ine verilen e\u011fitim de, bu e\u011fitim faaliyetlerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Kurs s\u00fcresince sizlere motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlarla ilgili \u00e7evre bilgisi konusunda gerekli bilgiler verilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
    1739 say\u0131l\u0131 Milli E\u011fitim Temel Kanunu’nun temel ilkelerinden biri de, “yaln\u0131z resmi ve \u00f6zel kurumlarda de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda evde, \u00e7evrede, i\u015fyerinde, her yerde ve her f\u0131rsatta” e\u011fitimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektir.
    E\u011fitimli bir insan; hem bir hayat s\u00fcrmek, hem de hayat\u0131n\u0131 kazanmak i\u00e7in gerekli mesleki donan\u0131ma sahip ki\u015fidir. E\u011fitimli bir insan, i\u015fini iyi bilir ve i\u015fini daha iyi yapar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fte daha yararl\u0131 olur. \u0130\u015f bilgisi, g\u00f6rg\u00fc ve becerileri artar. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n i\u015fte yapt\u0131klar\u0131 hatalar en az d\u00fczeye iner.
    Bu ba\u011flamda, MEB Hizmeti\u00e7i E\u011fitim Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen “Direksiyon E\u011fitimi \u00d6\u011fretici Kursu”nun \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan amac\u0131; motorlu karayolu ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n egzozlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan gazlar ile trafikten kaynaklanan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7evreye verdi\u011fi zararlar; siz s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kurslar\u0131n “Usta \u00d6\u011freticiler”i ve kursiyerlere \u00f6\u011fretilerek, motorlu ara\u00e7lardan kaynaklanan \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde ve \u00e7evrenin korunup geli\u015ftirilmesinde sizlerin ve sizlerin yeti\u015ftirip e\u011fitece\u011fi motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerine katk\u0131da bulunmalar\u0131 hedeflenmektedir.
    Bug\u00fcn n\u00fcfusu 10 milyonun \u00fczerinde olan \u0130stanbul’da 1992 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re 681 bin otomobil, 73 bin kamyon, 70 bin kamyonet, 27 bin minib\u00fcs, 21 bin otob\u00fcs, 58 bin otomobil olmak \u00fczere toplam 930 bin motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1994 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re ise \u0130stanbul’da g\u00fcnde 1 milyon 150 bin ile 1 milyon 700 bin aras\u0131 ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fe \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu say\u0131 ba\u015fka kentlerden gelenlerle birlikte yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 milyona ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stanbul’da her g\u00fcn 400 ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fe kat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n %40 n\u0131n seyir, %60 n\u0131n park halinde oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. \u0130stanbul’da 44 kapal\u0131, 231 a\u00e7\u0131k toplam 275 otopark vard\u0131r. Bu otoparklar\u0131n ara\u00e7 kapasitesi 30 bin adettir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda trafikle ilgili a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bilgileri bilmekte yarar vard\u0131r. \u0130stanbul’da;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bir ta\u015f\u0131ta d\u00fc\u015fen ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026…\u2026: 7
    Kav\u015fak Say\u0131s\u0131\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026…….: 1050
    Trafik Polisi\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026……: 1217
    Trafik Polisi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131…: 7830
    Trafik Polisi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131.: 927<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Rakamlar\u0131n korkun\u00e7lu\u011fu ortada. Normal i\u015fletme ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, emisyon kontrol donat\u0131ms\u0131z bir ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n g\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 kg .’\u0131 ge\u00e7en bir kirletici emisyona neden oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, motor performans\u0131 ile ilgili bak\u0131m, ayar ve kontrolden yoksun oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131n\u0131rsa, \u0130stanbul’daki 1,5 milyon ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n bir y\u0131lda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kirletici emisyon ortalama 3 milyon kg.’m\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130stanbul’da end\u00fcstrinin, ticaretin, turizmin, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkinli\u011fin ve n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun olu\u015funu da unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Dahas\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fc trafi\u011findeki yar\u0131m milyar ta\u015f\u0131ta her y\u0131l 19 milyon ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n ilave edildi\u011fi ve 6 milyon ton karbonmonoksit her g\u00fcn artarak, insan bedenindeki alyuvarlar\u0131 tahrip etmektedir. \u0130\u015fte bu anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131 bilince \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bu kurslar\u0131n \u00f6nem ve gereklili\u011finin ne kadar ya\u015famsal oldu\u011funu daha iyi anlam\u0131\u015f oluruz. Bu nedenle \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede siz ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerine de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6revler d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Sizlerin kurslardan alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bilgilerin katk\u0131s\u0131yla bu g\u00f6revi en iyi \u015fekilde yerine getirece\u011finize inanmaktay\u0131m. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc;
    \u00c7evre kirlili\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele, g\u00fczel ya\u015fama hizmettir. Bu d\u00fcnya bizim. Bu yurt hepimizin. O halde\u2026 Hep birlikte havam\u0131za, suyumuza, topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131za sahip \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m. En g\u00fczel yurt, her insan\u0131n kendi yurdudur. Yurdumuza sahip \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m. “Karanl\u0131\u011fa k\u00fcf\u00fcr edece\u011fimize bir mum yakal\u0131m”. Ne mutlu y\u00fcreklerinde insan ve do\u011fa sevgisi ta\u015f\u0131yanlara\u2026
    Bu kitab\u0131n bas\u0131m\u0131nda katk\u0131da bulunan de\u011ferli dostlar\u0131ma ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 te\u015fekk\u00fcr eder, t\u00fcm ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerine ba\u015far\u0131lar dilerim. Sayg\u0131lar\u0131mla\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcZ\u00dcLMEZ
    Kimya M\u00fchendisi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEK\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00d6ns\u00f6z
    “\u00c7evre El Kitab\u0131” \u00fczerine
    Sunu\u015f
    \u00c7evre e\u011fitiminin \u00f6nemi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>
    \u00c7evre sorunlar\u0131 ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri
    1.\u00c7evre nedir?
    2.\u00c7evre sorunlar\u0131 ve bu sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri
    2.1.\u00c7evre kirlenmesinin kaynaklar\u0131
    2.2.\u00c7evre kirlili\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri
    2.2.1.Toprak kirlili\u011fi ve etkileri
    2.2.2.Kat\u0131 at\u0131k kirlili\u011fi ve etkileri
    2.2.3.Su kirlili\u011fi ve etkileri
    2.2.4.G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi ve etkileri
    2.2.5.Hava kirlili\u011fi ve etkileri<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>
    Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan \u00e7evre kirlilikleri, kontrol\u00fc ve yasal \u00f6nlemler
    1.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan hava kirlili\u011fi
    1.A.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardaki kirletici kaynaklar
    1.B.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan kirleticiler
    1.C.Ta\u015f\u0131t emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen \u00f6zellikler
    1.D.Egzoz gaz\u0131n\u0131n insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri
    1.E.Egzoz gazlar\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 kirlili\u011fin \u00f6nlenmesi ve kontrol\u00fc
    *Motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlarda benzinin buharla\u015fmas\u0131
    1.F.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan hava kirlili\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesi ve kontrol\u00fcne ili\u015fkin yasal d\u00fczenlemeler
    1.F.1.Karayolu Trafik Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi
    1.F.2.Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u0130mal, Tadil ve Montaj\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik
    1.F.3.Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n Muayene \u0130stasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u0130\u015fletilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik
    1.F.4.Hava Kalitesinin Korunmas\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi
    1.F.5.\u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n (92\/1) Tebli\u011fi
    1.F.6.\u0130stanbul Valili\u011fi’nin Tebli\u011fi
    1.F.7.\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye Enc\u00fcmen Karar\u0131
    1.F.8. \u0130stanbul \u0130li Mahalli \u00c7evre Kurulu Karar\u0131
    1.F.9.Egzoz Gazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne \u0130li\u015fkin Tebli\u011f
    1.F.10. Egzoz Gazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne \u0130li\u015fkin Protokol
    1.F.11.TS 11236\/Mart 1988 Emisyon S\u0131n\u0131r De\u011ferleri
    1.F.12.TS 11365\/Nisan 1994 Dizel Motorlu Ta\u015f\u0131tlarda Egzoz Gaz\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Metodu ve S\u0131n\u0131r De\u011ferleri
    1.F.13.TS 11366\/Nisan 1994 Benzinli Ta\u015f\u0131tlarda Egzoz Gaz\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Metodu ve S\u0131n\u0131r De\u011ferleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi
    2.1.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardaki g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131
    2.2.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn etkileri
    2.3.Ta\u015f\u0131tlardan kaynaklanan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nlenmesi
    2.4.G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc ile ilgili yasal d\u00fczenlemeler
    2.4.1.G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc Kontrol Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi
    2.4.2.Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u0130mal, Tadil ve Montaj\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik
    2.4.3.Azami D\u0131\u015f G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc Seviyesi Hakk\u0131nda Tebli\u011f
    2.4.4.Azami D\u0131\u015f G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc Seviyeleri Uygulama Usul ve Esaslar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Tebli\u011f
    2.4.5.\u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genelgesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dc B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>
    Ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 ekonomik kullanarak yak\u0131t tasarrufu ve \u00e7erce korumaya katk\u0131
    1.Ta\u015f\u0131ta ba\u011fl\u0131 tasarruf \u00f6nlemleri
    2.Ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerine ba\u011fl\u0131 yak\u0131t tasarrufu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u00d6RD\u00dcNC\u00dc B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>
    Motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri i\u00e7in baz\u0131 yararl\u0131 pratik bilgiler
    1.\u015eehrin ba\u015fl\u0131ca yollar\u0131n\u0131, kav\u015faklar\u0131n\u0131, havaalanlar\u0131n\u0131, otob\u00fcs terminalini, tren istasyonlar\u0131n\u0131, hastaneleri, okullar\u0131, spor alanlar\u0131n\u0131, toplant\u0131 meydanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve benzeri yerleri bilmenin yararlar\u0131
    2.G\u00fcn\u00fcn saatlerine g\u00f6re trafi\u011fin yo\u011funlu\u011funun takip edilmesi ve gereken g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131n bilinmesinin \u00f6nemi
    3.Tarihi ve turistik yerleri bilmenin yararlar\u0131
    4.\u015eehir haritas\u0131 ve rehberlerden yararlanman\u0131n gere\u011fi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    BE\u015e\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong>
    Motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinin uymalar\u0131 ve bilmeleri gereken kurallar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    EKLER<\/strong>
    1.Arac\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7evreci mi?
    2.Sayg\u0131l\u0131 ve g\u00f6rg\u00fcl\u00fc s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc
    3.\u00c7evre bilgisi s\u0131nav sorular\u0131
    4.\u015eehir \u015fof\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc uzun yolda bekleyen tehlikeler
    5.Cep telefonlar\u0131 yak\u0131t buhar\u0131n\u0131 ate\u015fleyebilir
    6.Ta\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri i\u00e7in \u00e7evre s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Motorlu Ta\u015f\u0131t S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri ve S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Kursu \u00d6\u011fretmenleri \u0130\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \u00dcz\u00fclmez, Kendi Yay\u0131n\u0131, Temmuz 1995, \u0130stanbul, 131 sayfa. \u00d6NS\u00d6Z \u0130stanbul’da n\u00fcfusun h\u0131zla artmas\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f kentle\u015fme ile birlikte; kalitesiz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, enerji tasarrufuna dikkat edilmemesi, iyi se\u00e7ilmemi\u015f soba ve kalorifer kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, trafikteki ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, yollar\u0131n ihtiyaca cevap vermemesi, trafikteki ara\u00e7lar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n eski ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da bak\u0131m ve ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda gerekti\u011fi \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle hava kirlili\u011fi insan ve \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eder boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak hava kirlili\u011fini azaltmak ve hava kalitesini korumak i\u00e7in temiz-kaliteli yak\u0131t temini, \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131-enerji tasarrufu konular\u0131nda gerekli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1071],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kitaplar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4907"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4910,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4907\/revisions\/4910"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}