{"id":4741,"date":"2012-08-17T21:23:00","date_gmt":"2012-08-17T21:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4741"},"modified":"2023-06-09T17:34:15","modified_gmt":"2023-06-09T17:34:15","slug":"sarap-ve-edebiyat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4741","title":{"rendered":"\u015earap ve Edebiyat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130\u00e7ki \u00fcz\u00fcmden, a\u015fk y\u00fcrekten dam\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r
Ben, bu harika dam\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 hep tatmak isterim;
Beni bekler \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc de\u011ferlenen dirilen g\u00fczellik.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015earap, kadim bir i\u00e7kidir. \u015earab\u0131n tarihi, Anadolu’nun tarihi gibi \u00e7ok eskidir. Eskiden \u00e7ok iyi kaliteli \u015faraplar yap\u0131l\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Zaten Anadolu insan\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman \u015faraps\u0131z olmam\u0131\u015f; antik \u00e7a\u011flarda bile, Anadolu’da \u015farap t\u00f6renlerde, \u015fenliklerde, kutsamalarda has i\u00e7kidir, hep var olmu\u015ftur. Dahas\u0131 \u015farap, tanr\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7kisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durum \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n Anadolu’yu fethedi\u015fine kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn Anadolu’nun de\u011fi\u015fik yerlerinde yap\u0131lan resm\u00ee ve ka\u00e7ak kaz\u0131larda toprak alt\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok “k\u00fcp” \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u00fcp’ler ba\u015fka ba\u015fka ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lsa da, daha \u00e7ok \u015farap ve \u015farap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131 diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n Anadolu’yu fethetmesinden sonra da \u015farap yap\u0131m\u0131 ve i\u00e7imi devam etmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131lar d\u00f6neminde, \u015farap \u00fcretimini daha \u00e7ok M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan halklar, Ermeni ve Rum’lar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirdi. \u0130\u00e7imine gelince, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bazen a\u00e7\u0131ktan, bazen de gizliden gizliye i\u00e7erlerdi. Keykavus’un, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merc\u00fcmek Ahmet’in T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evirdi\u011fi Kabusname<\/strong>, dinin getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu yasaklamalara ra\u011fmen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yayg\u0131n olarak nas\u0131l \u015farap t\u00fckettiklerinin g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Bug\u00fcn bile baz\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z, \u015farap; “i\u00e7ki niyetine i\u00e7ene haram, dem niyetine i\u00e7ene helal” diyerek takiye yapmaktad\u0131r. Ne diyelim: “i\u00e7ki niyetine de, dem niyetine de i\u00e7ene a\u015fk olsun!”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0131ristiyanlarda ise, \u015farap “\u0130sa’n\u0131n kan\u0131” olmas\u0131 nedeniyle zaten kutsal, i\u00e7ilmesi de sevapt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilge Aristoteles, Canl\u0131lar Hakk\u0131nda<\/strong> adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131nda; “Papa\u011fan ad\u0131 verilen ve insan diline sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen Hindistan ku\u015funu, \u015farap i\u00e7ti\u011finde susturmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir” demekte; b\u00f6yle demesinin nedeni, belki de \u015fairlerin, ozanlar\u0131n, filozoflar\u0131n \u015farap i\u00e7ince \u00e7enelerinin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015fmesine, y\u00fcreklerinin h\u0131zl\u0131 atmas\u0131na neden olan s\u0131rr\u0131 felsef\u00ee olarak a\u00e7\u0131klamak isteyi\u015fidir. Halk zaten t\u00fcrk\u00fclerinde, \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131nda, ilahilerinde, \u015fiirlerinde \u015faraba dair \u00e7ok g\u00fczel \u015feyler s\u00f6yler; meclislerinde, sohbetlerinde, k\u00f6pr\u00fc altlar\u0131nda da \u015farab\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7er. Onlar i\u00e7in, \u015farap \u00f6yle korkulacak bir \u015fey de\u011fil, yaln\u0131z g\u00fczeli g\u00f6r\u00fcp de l\u00e2l oldu\u011funda, “sarho\u015fum dilim dolan\u0131r” der. Hem sevgiliye bir demet k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 g\u00fcl ve bir bardak k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015farap sunmak kadar g\u00fczel daha ne olabilir ki? Bunu da ancak en iyi \u015fairler, ozanlar ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler bilebilir. Bu nedenle \u015fiirlerde, romanlarda \u015farap her daim var olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birka\u00e7 g\u00fczel \u00f6rnek vermek istiyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divan \u015fairlerinin “Divan”lar\u0131nda a\u015fk, sevgili ve \u015farap vazge\u00e7ilmez \u00fc\u00e7lemedir. A\u015fk ve g\u00fczel sevgililer \u015faraps\u0131z olmaz; Nesimi’nin \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fiirindeki dizelerini dercesine: “Sofular haram demi\u015fler bu a\u015fk\u0131n \u015farab\u0131na\/ben doldurur ben i\u00e7erim g\u00fcnah benim kime ne?”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Honor\u00e9 de Balzac, Vadideki Zambak<\/strong> adl\u0131 roman\u0131nda ba\u011flar\u0131n ve \u015farab\u0131n Frans\u0131z k\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mevl\u00e2na, Mesnevi<\/strong>‘sinde \u015faraba ba\u015fka bir anlam y\u00fcklese de, \u015faraps\u0131z yapamaz. “\u00c7al\u0131\u015f, Tanr\u0131 \u015farab\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7, bir tazelik bul da o zaman ihtiyars\u0131z bir hale gelir, kendinden ge\u00e7ersin.\/O zaman ne s\u00f6ylersen s\u00f6z\u00fcn, \u015farab\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fc olur. O zaman ne siler, s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcrsen silip s\u00fcp\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, \u015farab\u0131n silip s\u00fcp\u00fcrmesi olur.” Ya da, “Testiyi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsun ama o \u015farap, do\u011fru olmayan g\u00f6ze g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez.” dizelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi \u015farap Mesnevi’yi \u00e7ok yerde s\u00fcsler. Mevl\u00e2na ne yaps\u0131n? \u015earap, Cennet’in de ba\u015f, en g\u00fczel, m\u00fck\u00e2fat i\u00e7kisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hayyam’\u0131n dizelerinde rubai ve \u015farap i\u00e7 i\u00e7edir, sanki ikisi bir elman\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Hayyam, Rubaileri<\/strong>‘nde g\u00fczel dem vurur: “D\u0131\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u0131l\u0131k, taze, g\u00fczel.\/ Bulut y\u0131kad\u0131 bah\u00e7elerin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc.\/ Ku\u015flar keyfe geldi,\/ \u015fak\u0131d\u0131lar kay\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcl\u00fcne bizim i\u00e7imizi:\/ \u00ab\u015earap i\u00e7meli, \u015farap i\u00e7meli, \u015farap\u00bb.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcrt bilgesi Ehmed\u00ea Xan\u00ee, Mem \u00fb Zin<\/strong> adl\u0131 K\u00fcrt ulusal destan\u0131nda, Zin’in kavu\u015fma mutlulu\u011fundan \u00fcmitsizlenmesi, hasret ve ayr\u0131l\u0131k derdiyle dertlenmesinde,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O’na \u015f\u00f6yle seslenir:
“Perdeyi \u00f6n\u00fcnden kald\u0131r g\u00fcllerin
ve sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r b\u00fclb\u00fcllerin<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Goncaya benzeyen a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcl\u00fcmset
ve onunla binlerce destanc\u0131y\u0131 inlet<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Sarho\u015f et gerdan\u0131na sald\u0131rt k\u00fcpeleri
ve sersem et onlarla kudurmu\u015flar\u0131 delileri<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Cilve ve nazlarla y\u00f6nelt hocalar\u0131 \u015farap i\u00e7meye
ve \u015feyhleri de g\u00f6nder domuz g\u00fctmeye”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130smini \u015fimdi hat\u0131rlayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir ozan\u0131m\u0131z da, “Ey m\u0131tr\u0131ba \u00e7al sazlar\u0131n mesti harab\u0131m bu gece\/Be h\u00fb\u015fi akl\u0131m elaman garki \u015faraba bu gece” der.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W. Shakespeare, Othello<\/strong>‘da; “Ey \u015faraptaki g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez ruh, ad\u0131n yoksa e\u011fer, sana \u015feytan desinler” diye seslenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alman \u015fairi ve bilge insan Goethe; bu konuda, Mevl\u00e2na, Hayyam, Ehmed\u00ea Xan\u00ee ve W. Shakespeare’den geri kalmaz, “Asmalar yeniden \u00e7i\u00e7eklenince\/K\u00f6p\u00fck k\u00f6p\u00fck olur \u015farap f\u0131\u00e7\u0131da;\/G\u00fcl dal\u0131 k\u0131zar\u0131p renklenince\/Ne hal olur bana bilemem bunu.” diye i\u00e7ini d\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc “Hat\u0131rlay\u0131\u015f<\/em><\/strong>” adl\u0131 \u015fiirinde, \u015farap daha bir g\u00fczelle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Octavio Paz, d\u00fcnya \u015fiirinin geli\u015fim s\u00fcreci \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay ve Lir<\/strong> adl\u0131 eserinde, sanki \u015fiirin kutsal s\u00f6zler, \u015farab\u0131n da h\u00e2l\u00e2 takdis i\u00e7kisi oldu\u011funu anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baudelaire, “Binip gitsek \u015farab\u0131n at\u0131na\/ Tanr\u0131sal, masals\u0131 g\u00f6k kat\u0131na!” der. O’na g\u00f6re \u015farap, “\u015fi\u015fedeki \u015fiir”dir. “Paris S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>” \u015fiirinde ise, “sarho\u015f olun” der ve bunun \u00fc\u00e7 arac\u0131n\u0131 sayar: \u015earap, \u015eiir ve Erdem. Sait Maden’in \u00e7evirdi\u011fi K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck \u00c7i\u00e7ekleri<\/strong> \u015fiir kitab\u0131nda; Katilin \u015earab\u0131, Yaln\u0131z\u0131n \u015earab\u0131, Sevgilinin \u015earab\u0131<\/em><\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirlerini yan\u0131nda \u015earab\u0131n Ruhu<\/em><\/strong>‘nu da yazar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7 Margosyan, Hagop Mintzuri… gibi Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu k\u00f6kenli Ermeni yazarlar\u0131m\u0131z an\u0131 ve \u00f6yk\u00fclerinde, eskiden H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131n nas\u0131l evlerinde \u015farap k\u00fcplerinin do\u011fal aksesuar oldu\u011funu ve ba\u011fbozumunun “\u00fcz\u00fcm bayram\u0131” olarak kutlan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zlemle anlat\u0131rlar. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn yazar ve \u015fairlerinden Haydar Erg\u00fclen, “\u015faraptan konu\u015furken s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri dikkatli se\u00e7mek, ince se\u00e7mek \u015fartt\u0131r” diye bizleri uyar\u0131r. Muhsin K\u0131z\u0131lkaya, Kay\u0131p D\u00e2wan<\/strong>‘\u0131nda, “Gerdan\u0131ndaki tere uzand\u0131m\/ Duda\u011f\u0131ma de\u011fen \u015farapt\u0131” der. Abdullah R\u0131za Erg\u00fcven, \u015earab\u0131 Tanr\u0131larla Yudumlad\u0131k<\/strong> \u015fiir kitab\u0131nda; “\u015earab\u0131 tanr\u0131larla yudumlad\u0131k\/ Onlar\u0131 bulduk \u015farap mahzenlerinde\/ yan\u0131ba\u015f\u0131nda a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n\/ Onlar vard\u0131!..” dizelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi, \u015farab\u0131 tanr\u0131larla yudumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0131saca, bir\u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fc yazara g\u00f6re, “edebiyat \u015faraps\u0131z, \u015farap edebiyats\u0131z olamaz”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ben, \u015farap edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de \u015fiirin tad\u0131, s\u00fcs\u00fc ve zevkidir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015earap bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr, \u015farap i\u00e7me bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131d\u0131r. \u015earap i\u00e7enle, “\u015farap\u00e7\u0131” sak\u0131n birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131; “\u015farap\u00e7\u0131”, \u015farap i\u00e7en de\u011fil, kendini i\u00e7en, kendini t\u00fcketendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015earap i\u00e7enler \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olarak nerede, ne zaman, kimlerle ve hangi yemek veya mezeyle hangi \u015farab\u0131n i\u00e7ilece\u011fini \u00e7ok iyi bilirler. Ve onlar yine \u00e7ok iyi bilirler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcrekten payla\u015fan\u0131n yoksa
\u015earaptan \u00e7ok
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler sarho\u015f eder adam\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

17 A\u011fustos 2012 tarihinde ve sonras\u0131nda:
http:\/\/www.kuyerel.org\/yazarlar\/muslum-uzulmez\/sarap-ve-edebiyat
https:\/\/www.frmtr.com\/edebiyat\/5701328-sarap-ve-edebiyat.html
ve Berfin Bahar Dergisi (Ekim 2007, say\u0131 116) da,
26 Ekim 2007’de Ergani Haber!de yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

Abdullah R\u0131za Erg\u00fcven<\/a>, <\/span>Aristoteles<\/a>, <\/span>Baudelaire<\/a>, <\/span>Canl\u0131lar Hakk\u0131nda<\/a>, <\/span>ehmed\u00ea xan\u00ee<\/a>, <\/span>Goethe<\/a>, <\/span>Hagop Mintzuri<\/a>, <\/span>Haydar Erg\u00fclen<\/a>, <\/span>Hayyam<\/a>, <\/span>Honor\u00e9 de Balzac<\/a>, <\/span>Kabusname<\/a>, <\/span>Katilin \u015earab\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>Kay\u0131p D\u00e2wan<\/a>, <\/span>K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck \u00c7i\u00e7ekleri<\/a>, <\/span>Mem \u00fb Zin<\/a>, <\/span>Merc\u00fcmek Ahmet<\/a>, <\/span>Mesnevi<\/a>, <\/span>Mevl\u00e2na<\/a>, <\/span>m\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7 margosyan<\/a>, <\/span>Muhsin K\u0131z\u0131lkaya<\/a>, <\/span>m\u00fcsl\u00fcman<\/a>, <\/span>Octavio Paz<\/a>, <\/span>Othello<\/a>, <\/span>Paris S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>Rubaileri<\/a>, <\/span>Sait Maden<\/a>, <\/span>\u015earab\u0131 Tanr\u0131larla Yudumlad\u0131k<\/a>, <\/span>\u015earab\u0131n Ruhu<\/a>, <\/span>\u015earap<\/a>, <\/span>Sevgilinin \u015earab\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>Vadideki Zambak<\/a>, <\/span>W. Shakespeare<\/a>, <\/span>Yaln\u0131z\u0131n \u015earab\u0131<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u00e7ki \u00fcz\u00fcmden, a\u015fk y\u00fcrekten dam\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rBen, bu harika dam\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 hep tatmak isterim;Beni bekler \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc de\u011ferlenen dirilen g\u00fczellik. \u015earap, kadim bir i\u00e7kidir. \u015earab\u0131n tarihi, Anadolu’nun tarihi gibi \u00e7ok eskidir. Eskiden \u00e7ok iyi kaliteli \u015faraplar yap\u0131l\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Zaten Anadolu insan\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman \u015faraps\u0131z olmam\u0131\u015f; antik \u00e7a\u011flarda bile, Anadolu’da \u015farap t\u00f6renlerde, \u015fenliklerde, kutsamalarda has i\u00e7kidir, hep var olmu\u015ftur. Dahas\u0131 \u015farap, tanr\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7kisidir. Bu durum \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n Anadolu’yu fethedi\u015fine kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn Anadolu’nun de\u011fi\u015fik yerlerinde yap\u0131lan resm\u00ee ve ka\u00e7ak kaz\u0131larda toprak alt\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok “k\u00fcp” \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u00fcp’ler ba\u015fka ba\u015fka ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lsa da, daha \u00e7ok \u015farap ve \u015farap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131 diyebiliriz. \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n Anadolu’yu fethetmesinden sonra da<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1197],"tags":[2010,1372,2000,1984,160,1997,2007,1917,1996,1987,1985,2002,2011,1999,1990,1989,1994,1988,2006,2009,422,2005,1991,1998,1995,1992,2008,2003,1983,2004,1986,1993,2001],"class_list":["post-4741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur","tag-abdullah-riza-erguven","tag-aristoteles","tag-baudelaire","tag-canlilar-hakkinda","tag-ehmede-xani","tag-goethe","tag-hagop-mintzuri-2","tag-haydar-ergulen","tag-hayyam","tag-honore-de-balzac","tag-kabusname","tag-katilin-sarabi","tag-kayip-dawan","tag-kotuluk-cicekleri","tag-mem-u-zin","tag-mercumek-ahmet","tag-mesnevi","tag-mevlana","tag-migirdic-margosyan","tag-muhsin-kizilkaya","tag-musluman","tag-octavio-paz","tag-othello","tag-paris-sikintisi","tag-rubaileri","tag-sait-maden","tag-sarabi-tanrilarla-yudumladik","tag-sarabin-ruhu","tag-sarap-2","tag-sevgilinin-sarabi","tag-vadideki-zambak","tag-w-shakespeare","tag-yalnizin-sarabi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4741"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5722,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4741\/revisions\/5722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}