{"id":4647,"date":"2015-07-01T09:48:00","date_gmt":"2015-07-01T09:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4647"},"modified":"2023-07-01T13:12:34","modified_gmt":"2023-07-01T13:12:34","slug":"tarih-nasil-yazilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4647","title":{"rendered":"“Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r?”"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kayna\u011f\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ve Sanat Dergisi<\/em><\/strong>
Y\u0131l: Temmuz-A\u011fustos 2015, Say\u0131: 6<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul Veyne\u2019nin kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong> kitab\u0131 al\u0131\u015f\u0131la gelmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, farkl\u0131 \u015feyler s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veyne, Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda tarihe tepeden bakarak ele\u015ftirel bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla tarihi, tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, tarih bilimini(?) sorgulam\u0131\u015f. \u0130lgin\u00e7, tarih konusunda yazd\u0131klar\u0131 kula\u011fa kar suyu ka\u00e7\u0131ran cinsten. Potansiyel bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, entelekt\u00fcel bir havas\u0131 var. Akademik olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, sanki biraz da polemik i\u00e7in kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f: Anlat\u0131m ve \u00fcsl\u00fbp olarak Annales okulu yanl\u0131lar\u0131yla, Marksist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerle ve tabi ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla bir hesapla\u015fma i\u00e7inde gibi. Akademik \u00e7evreden olmayanlara, konulara yabanc\u0131 olanlara a\u011f\u0131r gelebilir. Okunmas\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 benim i\u00e7in zor oldu mesela. Tire, iki nokta \u00fcst \u00fcste, noktal\u0131 virg\u00fcl gibi imla i\u015faretlerin \u00e7ok\u00e7a kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, parantez i\u00e7i a\u00e7\u0131klamalara fazlaca yer vermesi, yabanc\u0131 k\u00f6kenli ve anlam\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fim t\u00fcretilmi\u015f s\u00f6zc\u00fck ve kavramlar\u0131n fazla olu\u015fu, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7ok uzun c\u00fcmlelerle yap\u0131lan anlat\u0131mlar okumay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Kitab\u0131 bitirdi\u011fimde okuduklar\u0131m\u0131n ancak \u00fc\u00e7te ikisini anlad\u0131m: B\u00f6yle olsa bile tarih hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011frendim diyebilirim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veyne\u2019ye g\u00f6re do\u011fa yasalar\u0131 gibi \u201cevrensel ve zorunlu\u201d kabul edilmi\u015f tarih yasalar\u0131<\/strong> yoktur. Her tarihi olay kendi me\u015frebinde geli\u015fir. Tarih belgelerden edinilen bilgi olsa bile, belgelerin hi\u00e7biri olaylar\u0131n kendisi de\u011fildir (s.19). Tarih bilim de de\u011fildir, \u201colan\u0131\u201d anlatmakt\u0131r; izler \u00fczerinden giden bilgidir. Bilgi birikimidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck harfli bir Tarih yoktur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe dair her \u015feyi istedi\u011fimiz \u015fekilde yazabiliriz, yeter ki yazal\u0131m. \u201cOlmu\u015f olan her \u015fey, ilke olarak, tarihin alan\u0131na girer.\u201d (s.330) Tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131nda bilgi birikimi ve konuya vak\u0131f olmak da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli, ama bu i\u015f genelde team\u00fcllerden olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. \u201cMektep\u201dlerde bu i\u015fi yapan ve \u00f6\u011fretenler de bu genellemeden muaf de\u011fildir. Tarih, ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olan\u0131n, olanlar\u0131n aktar\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r, daha do\u011frusu bunlar\u0131 anlamakt\u0131r: Tarih\u00e7i, \u201colmu\u015f olanla\u201d u\u011fra\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cTarihsel bilgi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, bir olay\u0131n olmu\u015f olmas\u0131, onun bilinmeye de\u011fer olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterlidir\u201d (s.34)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihe b\u00f6yle bak\u0131nca, Veyne bilinen \u015fablonlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar; \u201ctarih olaylar\u0131n anlat\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r\u201d, betimlemedir, romand\u0131r, der (s.18). Sonras\u0131nda ise, \u201cTarih sanat eseridir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc nesnel olmakla beraber y\u00f6ntemi de yoktur ve bilimsel de\u011fildir\u201d tespitinde bulunur (s.300) ve anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u201cger\u00e7ek olaylar\u201d olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgular. Burada unutulmamas\u0131 gerekenin, herkesin anlat\u0131s\u0131 kendine g\u00f6re oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tarih \u201csakatlanm\u0131\u015f bilgidir\u201d. \u201cTarihsel bilgi, sakatlanm\u0131\u015f belgelerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kal\u0131ba g\u00f6re kesilip bi\u00e7ilir; bu kusurun s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hemen hissetmeyiz, onu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba harcamam\u0131z gerekir.\u201d(s.29-30)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deneyimlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi vard\u0131r. Elde edebilece\u011fimiz t\u00fcm bilgi, belge ve i\u015fe yarayacak nesneler toplanmal\u0131 ve bunlar analitik bir bak\u0131\u015fla de\u011ferlendirilmeli, yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda sosyoloji ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm di\u011fer disiplinlerden destek al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Olu\u015fan bu bilgi birikimi sayesinde tarih o zaman ete kemi\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veyne hakl\u0131, bu konuda ayn\u0131 \u015feyleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Tarih \u00f6zneldir, ama keyfilik de\u011fildir. \u201cOlmu\u015f olan her \u015fey\u201d yaz\u0131labilir. Sonu\u00e7ta yaz\u0131lan her tarih, yazanlar\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir, ama e\u011fri cetvelle do\u011fru \u00e7izilmeye de kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong> kitab\u0131 farkl\u0131, sorgulay\u0131c\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretici oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in okumay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcnyesi<\/strong>: Paul Veyne, Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong>, Metis Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, (\u00c7ev: Nihan \u00d6zy\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m), \u0130stanbul-2014, 421 sayfa.<\/p>\n\n\n

annales<\/a>, <\/span>I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kayna\u011f\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ve Sanat Dergisi<\/a>, <\/span>marksist tarih<\/a>, <\/span>Paul Veyne<\/a>, <\/span>Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kayna\u011f\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ve Sanat DergisiY\u0131l: Temmuz-A\u011fustos 2015, Say\u0131: 6 Paul Veyne\u2019nin kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r? kitab\u0131 al\u0131\u015f\u0131la gelmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, farkl\u0131 \u015feyler s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Veyne, Tarih Nas\u0131l Yaz\u0131l\u0131r? adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda tarihe tepeden bakarak ele\u015ftirel bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla tarihi, tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, tarih bilimini(?) sorgulam\u0131\u015f. \u0130lgin\u00e7, tarih konusunda yazd\u0131klar\u0131 kula\u011fa kar suyu ka\u00e7\u0131ran cinsten. Potansiyel bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, entelekt\u00fcel bir havas\u0131 var. Akademik olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, sanki biraz da polemik i\u00e7in kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f: Anlat\u0131m ve \u00fcsl\u00fbp olarak Annales okulu yanl\u0131lar\u0131yla, Marksist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerle ve tabi ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla bir hesapla\u015fma i\u00e7inde gibi. Akademik \u00e7evreden olmayanlara, konulara yabanc\u0131 olanlara a\u011f\u0131r gelebilir. Okunmas\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1064],"tags":[4721,1117,4722,1606,1609],"class_list":["post-4647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","tag-annales","tag-isigin-kaynagi-dusun-ve-sanat-dergisi","tag-marksist-tarih","tag-paul-veyne","tag-tarih-nasil-yazilir-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4647"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6611,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4647\/revisions\/6611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}