{"id":4179,"date":"2019-05-13T06:19:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-13T06:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4179"},"modified":"2023-07-01T11:05:06","modified_gmt":"2023-07-01T11:05:06","slug":"akilli-teknolojik-cihazlarla-birlikteligimiz-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4179","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u0131ll\u0131 Teknolojik Cihazlarla Birlikteli\u011fimiz? (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 zevkle okudu\u011fum kad\u0131n yazarlar\u0131m\u0131zdan Leyl\u00e2 Erbil, \u201cZihin Ku\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>\u201d kitab\u0131nda yer alan yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan birinde \u00f6nemli bir belirlemede bulunur: \u201cH\u0131z, insanla bilginin, insanla insan\u0131n aras\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor. Bu \u00e7a\u011fda bilgiye yeti\u015fmek, her \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenip kavramak olas\u0131 de\u011fil art\u0131k.<\/em>\u201d (T. \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2016-\u0130stanbul, s.99)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cD\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi<\/strong>\u201d kitab\u0131 Leyl\u00e2 Erbil\u2019in bu belirlemesine neden olan \u015feyleri geni\u015f bir perspektiften bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak sunuyor. Davos toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenleyicisi D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Forumu\u2019nun kurucusu ve ba\u015fkan\u0131 Profes\u00f6r Klaus Schwab taraf\u0131ndan 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme al\u0131nan kitap; \u201cteknoloji ile toplumun nas\u0131l bir arada var oldu\u011funu vurgulama<\/em>\u201d (s.12) amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve biraz teredd\u00fctl\u00fc olunsa da sanki gelece\u011fi selamlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Kitap, \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fuyor: D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc sanayi devrimine genel bak\u0131\u015f, ba\u015fl\u0131ca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc teknolojiler, bu devrimin etkisi ve g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi baz\u0131 politik meydan okumalar olarak. (D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi, Optimist Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u00c7ev: Z\u00fclf\u00fc Dicleli, 2017-\u0130stanbul.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanayi\/end\u00fcstri devrimi, Avrupa\u2019da 18. ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda, yeni bulu\u015flar\u0131n katk\u0131s\u0131 ve buhar g\u00fcc\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan makinelerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu \u00fcretimin makinele\u015fmesi ve sermaye birikimini artt\u0131rmas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanmakta ve d\u00f6rt a\u015famal\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birinci Sanayi Devrimi | End\u00fcstri Devrimi<\/strong>: 1760-1860 aras\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde \u00fcretim makinele\u015fti, burjuvazi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 tarih sahnesine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci Sanayi Devrimi | Teknoloji Devrimi<\/strong>: 1860-1914 aras\u0131nda makinele\u015fmenin bir sonucu olarak \u00fcretim serile\u015fti, sermaye birikimi h\u0131zland\u0131; burjuvazi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc ve bazen de kendili\u011finde geli\u015fen \u015fiddetli s\u0131n\u0131f sava\u015flar\u0131 s\u00fcre\u011fenle\u015fti. Kapitalizm emperyalizme evrildi, Birinci D\u00fcnya Payla\u015f\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi | Dijital Devrim<\/strong>: 1914-1990 aras\u0131nda \u00fcretim hem otomasyona ge\u00e7ti hem de say\u0131salla\u015ft\u0131. Bilgisayarlar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131nda kom\u00fcnistler iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irip Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ni kurdu. Avrupa\u2019da sendika, 8 saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvencesi yasalarla teminat alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131; refahtan k\u0131smi pay al\u0131nd\u0131. Ya\u015fanan \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Payla\u015f\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda ABD Japonlara kar\u015f\u0131 Atom Bombas\u0131’n\u0131 kulland\u0131, fa\u015fizm yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131, K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu Berlin\u2019e girdi ve ard\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede kom\u00fcnist ya da i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 partileri iktidara geldi, sosyalist \u00fclkeler toplulu\u011fu olu\u015ftu. S\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerde ulusal kurtulu\u015f hareketleri y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti ve bir\u00e7ok s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fclkede ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan edildi; so\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flad\u0131, kom\u00fcnizme kar\u015f\u0131 NATO kuruldu. 1961\u2019de Yuri Gagarin\u2019in uzay arac\u0131yla uzaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan uzay yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi<\/strong>: 1990 sonras\u0131… Teknoloji h\u0131zl\u0131 bir geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi. Bilgisayar destekli ak\u0131ll\u0131 makineler i\u015fyerlerinde, \u00fcretimde yerlerini alarak i\u015f\u00e7ilere rakip olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hem nicel olarak ve hem de eme\u011fin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc nedeniyle toplumsal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve niteliksel rol\u00fcn\u00fc yitirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131, sosyalist \u00fclkeler siyasi ve ekonomik tercihlerini bir bir kapitalizmden yana yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130smen veya \u015feklen sosyalist kalanlar ise serbest piyasa ekonomisini tercih eder oldu. So\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6nemi sona erdi ya da \u201cmedeniyetler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d bi\u00e7iminde ba\u015fka bir bi\u00e7im ald\u0131. Benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmedik derinlik ve geni\u015flikte ya\u015fanan bu h\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin bir sonucu olarak d\u00fcnya genelinde kom\u00fcnist, sosyalist ve sosyal demokrat partiler, sendikalar, y\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctleri eski g\u00fc\u00e7 ve etkinliklerini yitirdi. \u00dcretimden g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131za kadar hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ak\u0131ll\u0131 makineler, dijital cihazlar olmazsa olmaz\u0131m\u0131z oldu. Farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrden yeni bir s\u0131n\u0131f sistemi olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini bilgisayarla\u015fma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde te\u015fvik etme ve y\u00fcksek teknolojiyle donatma projesi olarak kabul edilen \u201cEnd\u00fcstri 4.0\u201d, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc sanayi devrimini ifade etmektedir. Klaus Schwab, kitab\u0131nda D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi\u2019nin nas\u0131l bir \u015fey oldu\u011funu daha geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla anlatmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBenim d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc sanayi devrimi olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm \u015fey \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi, kapsam\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7birine benzemiyor<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yeni devrimin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve geni\u015fli\u011fini hen\u00fcz tam olarak kavrayam\u0131yoruz. Milyarlarca insan\u0131n mobil cihazlara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n, e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmedik miktarda i\u015flem g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn, depolama yeteneklerinin ve bilgi eri\u015fiminin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Ya da yapay zek\u00e2 (YZ), robotik, nesnelerin interneti (N\u0130), \u00f6zerk ta\u015f\u0131tlar, 3D yaz\u0131c\u0131lar, nanoteknoloji, biyoteknoloji, malzeme bilimi, enerji depolama ve kuantum bilgii\u015flem gibi yeni teknolojik at\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlarda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekillerde i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Bug\u00fcn bu inovasyonlar\u0131n (toplumsal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve y\u00f6netimsel ortamlarda yeni y\u00f6ntemlerin kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131-M.\u00dc) \u00e7o\u011fu hen\u00fcz emekleme a\u015famas\u0131ndad\u0131r, ancak fiziksel, dijital ve biyolojik d\u00fcnyalarda teknolojiler i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ip birbirilerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek yol ald\u0131k\u00e7a geli\u015fmelerinde bir s\u0131\u00e7rama noktas\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131yorlar<\/em>.\u201d (s.9) \u201cBu devrim do\u011frusal de\u011fil \u00fcstel bir h\u0131zla geli\u015fiyor. …\u2018biz kimiz\u2019 sorusunu da de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. …bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak toplumda sistemlerin b\u00fct\u00fcnsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7eriyor.<\/em>\u201d (s.11)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Birinci ve \u0130kinci Sanayi Devrimleri’ni ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremedi\u011fi i\u00e7in ne \u00fcretimi makinele\u015ftirebildi, ne seri \u00fcretimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebildi ve ne de burjuvazi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 tarih sahnesine \u00e7\u0131karabildi (sadece sava\u015fta Almanya\u2019n\u0131n saf\u0131nda yer ald\u0131!). Bunlar\u0131 yapamay\u0131nca da dibe vurdu, par\u00e7alan\u0131p da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. Cumhuriyet y\u00f6netiminin kurucu kadrosu iyi k\u00f6t\u00fc Birinci ve \u0130kinci Sanayi Devrimi’ni ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ama ger\u00e7ek anlamda ba\u015faramad\u0131. Ba\u015faramay\u0131nca da iktidardan uzakla\u015fmak zorunda kald\u0131. Sonras\u0131nda iktidara gelenler \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin \u00e7ok iyi t\u00fcketicileri oldular. Bu, tam da \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi\u2019ni ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren \u00fclkelerin arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015feydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeleri D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi\u2019ni bir an \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip meyvelerini toplayabilmek i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcnerlerini seferber etmi\u015f vaziyette \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi \u00e7ok zor. Bilim insanlar\u0131, ayd\u0131nlar, yazarlar, sanat\u00e7\u0131lar susturulursa, cezaevlerine t\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rsa ya da yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmaya zorlan\u0131rsa bilgi nas\u0131l serpilip geli\u015fecek, bilimsel geli\u015fme nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olmadan D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi\u2019ni ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmemiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc, de\u011fil. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi’ni, de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc e\u011fer ger\u00e7ekten istiyorsak \u00f6nceli\u011fimiz herkes i\u00e7in demokrasi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Karanl\u0131kta \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7maz!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Devam\u0131 haftaya…)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131: Ak\u0131ll\u0131 Teknolojik Cihazlarla Birlikteli\u011fimiz (II)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

13 May\u0131s 2019 ve sonras\u0131<\/strong>:
https:\/\/www.tigrishaber.com\/akilli-teknolojik-cihazlarla-birlikteligimiz-i-3431yy.htm
http:\/\/www.ruhanews.com\/kose-yazisi\/368\/akilli-teknolojik-cihazlarla-birlikteligimiz-i.html
https:\/\/www.gaphaberleri.com\/kose-yazisi\/597\/akilli-teknolojik-cihazlarla-birlikteligimiz-i.html
http:\/\/avrupaforum.org\/akilli-teknolojik-cihazlarla-birlikteligimiz-i-muslum-uzulmez\/
http:\/\/www.erganihaber.net\/haber-5282-Akilli-Teknolojik-Cihazlarla-Birlikteligimiz-I.html
yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n

8 saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>abd<\/a>, <\/span>ak\u0131ll\u0131 teknoloji<\/a>, <\/span>ak\u0131ll\u0131 teknolojik cihazlarla birlikteli\u011fimiz<\/a>, <\/span>birinci sanayi devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>dijital cihazlar<\/a>, <\/span>dijital devrim<\/a>, <\/span>d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc sanayi devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>d\u00fcnya ekonomik forumu<\/a>, <\/span>d\u00fcnya payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>end\u00fcstri 4.0<\/a>, <\/span>end\u00fcstri devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>ikinci d\u00fcnya payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>ikinci sanayi devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>klaus schwab<\/a>, <\/span>leyl\u00e2 erbil<\/a>, <\/span>nato<\/a>, <\/span>optimist yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>osmanl\u0131 imparatorlu\u011fu<\/a>, <\/span>rusya<\/a>, <\/span>sanayi devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>so\u011fuk sava\u015f<\/a>, <\/span>sovyetler birli\u011fi<\/a>, <\/span>teknoloji devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc sanayi devrimi<\/a>, <\/span>yapay zeka<\/a>, <\/span>yuri gagarin<\/a>, <\/span>zihin ku\u015flar\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>Z\u00fclf\u00fc Dicleli<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 zevkle okudu\u011fum kad\u0131n yazarlar\u0131m\u0131zdan Leyl\u00e2 Erbil, \u201cZihin Ku\u015flar\u0131\u201d kitab\u0131nda yer alan yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan birinde \u00f6nemli bir belirlemede bulunur: \u201cH\u0131z, insanla bilginin, insanla insan\u0131n aras\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor. Bu \u00e7a\u011fda bilgiye yeti\u015fmek, her \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenip kavramak olas\u0131 de\u011fil art\u0131k.\u201d (T. \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2016-\u0130stanbul, s.99) \u201cD\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sanayi Devrimi\u201d kitab\u0131 Leyl\u00e2 Erbil\u2019in bu belirlemesine neden olan \u015feyleri geni\u015f bir perspektiften bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak sunuyor. Davos toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenleyicisi D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Forumu\u2019nun kurucusu ve ba\u015fkan\u0131 Profes\u00f6r Klaus Schwab taraf\u0131ndan 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme al\u0131nan kitap; \u201cteknoloji ile toplumun nas\u0131l bir arada var oldu\u011funu vurgulama\u201d (s.12) amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve biraz teredd\u00fctl\u00fc olunsa da sanki gelece\u011fi selamlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Kitap,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3901],"tags":[823,187,809,808,813,797,821,811,812,820,209,816,824,819,802,804,196,810,554,109,662,190,102,818,817,332,822,807,815],"class_list":["post-4179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-8-saatlik-calisma-hakki","tag-abd","tag-akilli-teknoloji","tag-akilli-teknolojik-cihazlarla-birlikteligimiz","tag-birinci-sanayi-devrimi","tag-dijital-cihazlar","tag-dijital-devrim","tag-dorduncu-sanayi-devrimi","tag-dunya-ekonomik-forumu","tag-dunya-paylasim-savasi","tag-endustri-4-0","tag-endustri-devrimi","tag-ikinci-dunya-paylasim-savasi","tag-ikinci-sanayi-devrimi","tag-klaus-schwab","tag-leyla-erbil","tag-nato","tag-optimist-yayinlari","tag-osmanli-imparatorlugu","tag-rusya","tag-sanayi-devrimi","tag-soguk-savas","tag-sovyetler-birligi","tag-teknoloji-devrimi","tag-ucuncu-sanayi-devrimi","tag-yapay-zeka","tag-yuri-gagarin","tag-zihin-kuslari","tag-zulfu-dicleli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4179"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6567,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4179\/revisions\/6567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}