\u0130nsan benli\u011fi zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Devlet d\u00e2hil t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fctler (\u015firketler, vak\u0131flar, sendikalar, dernekler, siyasi olu\u015fumlar) insanlar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctledikleri i\u00e7in onlar\u0131n da insanlar gibi (bazen ak\u0131l tutulmas\u0131 ya\u015fasalar da) zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi yanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn zihinsel yan\u0131, onu genel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden, uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut kurallardan, \u00f6ncelikleri belirleme ve ama\u00e7lara ula\u015fmada kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, daha \u00e7ok da Descartesci Sistem her zaman nesneleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kutular i\u00e7inde birbirinden ay\u0131rma e\u011filiminde olmu\u015ftur. Bu, eski Yunan\u2019daki atomculu\u011fa kadar gider. Ama ayn\u0131 zamanda buna e\u015flik eden, e\u015fit \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir ba\u015fka Bat\u0131l\u0131 e\u011filim daha vard\u0131r; bu da akl\u0131 ya da ruhu bedenden ya da manevi alan\u0131 fiziksel olandan ay\u0131rma e\u011filimidir. Gerek eski Yunan, gerekse H\u0131ristiyan Kilisesi b\u00f6ylesi bir ikili\u011fi \u00f6\u011frete gelmi\u015ftir. On yedinci y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ren\u00e9 Descartes\u2019in; \u201cBir akl\u0131m oldu\u011funu biliyorum ve bir bedenim oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Ve her ikisinin tamamen birbirlerinden ayr\u0131 oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Ben kendi akl\u0131m\u0131m. Benim bir bedenim var<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6zleri bu yakla\u015f\u0131ma modern bir katk\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131nda, \u00e7ok iyi bir \u00f6rnektir ayn\u0131 zamanda. Isaac Newton, bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 yeni fizi\u011fin temeli olarak alm\u0131\u015f ve zihinsel ya da psikolojik her \u015feyi evrene ili\u015fkin yeni fiziksel yasalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutmu\u015ftur. Newton\u2019un fizi\u011finin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bug\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011fumuzun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine h\u00e2l\u00e2 egemen olan \u201cmekanik\u00e7i k\u00fclt\u00fcr<\/em>\u201d, Newtoncu makine kategorilerini insanlara ve insan \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine uygulamay\u0131 kabul ettirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sigmund Freud, ruha h\u00fckmeden \u201cyasa ve dinamikleri<\/em>\u201d ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve insan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle b\u00f6ylesi yasalar ve bunlar\u0131n erken ya\u015flardaki etkile\u015fimleri taraf\u0131ndan belirlendi\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Adam Smith, piyasa ekonomisine yol g\u00f6steren \u201cyasa ve ilkeleri<\/em>\u201d ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve bunlara dayanarak pazardaki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rebilece\u011fimizi ve kontrol edebilece\u011fimizi \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Karl Marx, kapitalizmin ekonomi politi\u011finin analizini yaparak \u201cKapital<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cArt\u0131 de\u011fer<\/em>\u201d olu\u015fumu \u00fczerine tezler geli\u015ftirip \u201csosyalizme ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/em>in\u201d<\/em> ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu varsaym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fchendis Frederick Taylor, y\u00f6netim teorisinde, her \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn temelde yatan \u201cyasa ve ilkelerle<\/em>\u201d s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funda \u0131srar etmi\u015f ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerdeki insanlar\u0131n bu yasalara g\u00f6re davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. K\u0131saca, bilgisayar k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn dilinde s\u00f6ylersek her \u015fey programlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yasa, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc, varsay\u0131m, kontrol, program… Bu kavramlar Newtoncu fizi\u011fin ve \u201cmekanik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan kavramlard\u0131r. Ve yine bu kavramlar ayn\u0131 zamanda Newtoncu y\u00f6netim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin kilit s\u00f6zc\u00fckleridir. Esaslar\u0131n\u0131 bu kavramlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde her \u015feyi yeniden \u015fekillendirip h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131 ve bunun bir sonucu olarak modern geli\u015fme alabildi\u011fine h\u0131zl\u0131 bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterdi. Kazanan\u0131 ve hasad\u0131 toplayan\u0131 da kapitalistler oldu: B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya sahiplenildi. Toplumlara b\u00fcy\u00fck devletler, b\u00fcy\u00fck ordular, b\u00fcy\u00fck kentler, b\u00fcy\u00fck meydanlar, b\u00fcy\u00fck binalar, b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalar, b\u00fcy\u00fck makinalar, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rg\u00fctler ve t\u00fcrl\u00fc t\u00fcrl\u00fc ak\u0131l almaz bask\u0131lar dayat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130nsan ya\u015fam\u0131 pazarl\u0131k konusu yap\u0131l\u0131p ki\u015filiksizle\u015ftirilmek istendi. Franz Kafka, bu nedenle devasa b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckler ve bask\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fa\u015fk\u0131na d\u00f6nen ve de ayakalt\u0131nda ezilecek kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclen roman kahraman\u0131n\u0131 kabuklu bir b\u00f6ce\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 1900 il\u00e2 1914 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u201cbu yeni pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm deh\u015fetiyle kavrayan yal\u0131n\u0131zca Kafka oldu: Bu \u00f6yle bir pazarl\u0131kt\u0131 ki insan, ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamaya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kale al\u0131nmas\u0131 hakk\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7iyordu. O zamana kadar insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7bir tanr\u0131, b\u00f6ylesi bir cezay\u0131 verme g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/em>\u201d (s 75) \u201cKafka\u2019n\u0131n bir yazar olarak o denli \u00f6nemli ve korkutucu olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni nevrozlu olmas\u0131 de\u011fil, y\u00fcz elli y\u0131l sonra onun da peygambervari bir tan\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesidir<\/em>.\u201d (John Berger, Picasso\u2019nun Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 ve Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Metis, s.136)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 sonunda geldi\u011fi nokta itibariyle art\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamada yetersiz kalmaya, zorlanmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca geli\u015fmelerin de zorlamas\u0131yla Newtoncu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin yerini bu defa Kuantumcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ald\u0131. Newtoncu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce seri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin, mant\u0131ksal, ak\u0131lc\u0131, kurala ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin bir patlamas\u0131yd\u0131. Kuantumcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ise daha y\u00fcksek bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kuantum s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f terimi g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilimize Kuantum fizi\u011fi terminolojisinden girmi\u015ftir. Bu sadece b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131\u00e7rama de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir t\u00fcr ger\u00e7eklikten bir ba\u015fka t\u00fcr ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe (sanal bir \u00e2leme) s\u0131\u00e7ramad\u0131r ve bu her alanda, anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve y\u00f6netebildi\u011fimiz bir d\u00fcnyadan ilk bak\u0131\u015fta hi\u00e7bir \u015feyin bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyaya s\u0131\u00e7rama anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu, temel stratejilerin yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesini, \u00e7ok de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilen ve \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verilen varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini gerektiren s\u0131\u00e7ramad\u0131r. Bu, bilinmeyene do\u011fru bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve en \u00f6nemlisi bir paradigma de\u011fi\u015fimidir. Tabi paradigmalar de\u011fi\u015fince do\u011fal olarak kazananlar de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fimin kazanan\u0131 da neoliberaller ve \u201cturbo kapitalistler<\/em>\u201d oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bilim, ilahi bir yarat\u0131c\u0131dan daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve ikna edici bir a\u00e7\u0131klama sunarak s\u00fcrekli ilerledi. Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n yeni bilimi de ac\u0131lar ve yan\u0131lg\u0131lar pahas\u0131na da olsa b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Ama ne olduysa, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir vir\u00fcs, COVID-19 beklenmedik, bilimkurgudan \u00e7ok daha tuhaf ve \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bir \u015fekilde her \u015feyi alt\u00fcst etti. K\u00fcresel bir \u00e7a\u011fda, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00fclkeler bir bir s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kapad\u0131. \u0130nsanlar evlerine hapsoldu. Her yerde korku, endi\u015fe, \u00e7aresizlik h\u00e2kim oldu. \u00d6l\u00fcm ve hasta say\u0131lar\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artar oldu. Bir tek c\u00fcmleyle \u015funu \u00e7ok net s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Son 300 y\u0131lda bilimin \u00fcstel art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fturulup b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclen Sistem birden kilitlendi; insana ve do\u011faya yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmay\u0131nca sanki cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u015eimdi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu aran\u0131yor. Almanya Kalk\u0131nma Bakan\u0131 Gerd M\u00fcller, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada, koronavir\u00fcs krizini \u201c\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011fa, do\u011fa ve \u00e7evre ile daha farkl\u0131 bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7ine girmesi i\u00e7in bir alarm sinyali<\/em>\u201d oldu\u011funu ve \u201cturbo kapitalizmin sona ermesi gerekti\u011fini<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6yledi. (Haber ajanslar\u0131, 3.05.2020) T\u00dcS\u0130AD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Simone Kaslowski ise, koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn \u201ch\u0131zl\u0131 k\u00fcreselle\u015fme<\/em>\u201d d\u00f6neminden kalan baz\u0131 dengesiz durumlar\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. (Bloomberg HT, 07.05.2020)<\/p>\n\n\n\n ***<\/p>\n\n\n\n Baz\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re Kuantum dalgalanmalar\u0131 (Alman fizik\u00e7i Werner Heisenberg\u2019in bir kuram\u0131 olan) Belirsizlik \u0130lkesinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer b\u00f6yleyse, o zaman bu kuram\u0131n gere\u011fi olarak Kuantum paradigmas\u0131nda do\u011fa karma\u015f\u0131k, kaotik ve kesintisiz olmak zorunda; gelece\u011fimiz ise mu\u011flak, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmez ve s\u00fcrprizlerle dolu olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 18 May\u0131s 2020 tarihinde:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/www.tigrishaber.com\/bilimin-seyri-paradigmalar-ve-covid-19-4066yy.htm \u0130nsan benli\u011fi zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Devlet d\u00e2hil t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fctler (\u015firketler, vak\u0131flar, sendikalar, dernekler, siyasi olu\u015fumlar) insanlar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctledikleri i\u00e7in onlar\u0131n da insanlar gibi (bazen ak\u0131l tutulmas\u0131 ya\u015fasalar da) zihinsel, duygusal ve manevi yanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn zihinsel yan\u0131, onu genel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden, uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut kurallardan, \u00f6ncelikleri belirleme ve ama\u00e7lara ula\u015fmada kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden olu\u015fur. Bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, daha \u00e7ok da Descartesci Sistem her zaman nesneleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kutular i\u00e7inde birbirinden ay\u0131rma e\u011filiminde olmu\u015ftur. Bu, eski Yunan\u2019daki atomculu\u011fa kadar gider. Ama ayn\u0131 zamanda buna e\u015flik eden, e\u015fit \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir ba\u015fka Bat\u0131l\u0131 e\u011filim daha vard\u0131r; bu da akl\u0131 ya da ruhu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3901],"tags":[687,693,674,271,685,688,684,686,212,641,692,690,691,689,694,637],"class_list":["post-4151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-atomculuk","tag-belirsizlik-ilkesi","tag-bilim","tag-covid-19","tag-descartes","tag-freud","tag-john-berger","tag-kafka","tag-kavram","tag-koronavirus","tag-kuantum-sicrayis","tag-newton","tag-newtoncu-dusunce","tag-paradigma","tag-turbo-kapitalist","tag-tusiad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4151"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4152,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4151\/revisions\/4152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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