{"id":4133,"date":"2020-06-04T18:54:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-04T18:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4133"},"modified":"2023-06-19T09:47:23","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T09:47:23","slug":"bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekan-gobekli-tepe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=4133","title":{"rendered":"Bir Kitap ve Bir Mek\u00e2n: G\u00d6BEKL\u0130 TEPE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

10 y\u0131l \u00f6nce okudu\u011fum bir kitab\u0131 ve bu kitab\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olan gizemli bir mek\u00e2n\u0131 anlatmak istiyorum. Beni buna sevk eden \u015fey, Tel Aviv \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Prof. Avi Gopher ve Doktora aday\u0131 Gil Haklay\u2019\u0131n, G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de yer alan yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u201ctutarl\u0131 bir geometrik desene g\u00f6re\u201d tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 oldu. (Gazete Duvar<\/a>, 16 May\u0131s 2020)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haberi okuyunca G\u00f6bekli Tepe<\/strong>(*)<\/sup> kitab\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7imde yeniden okuma iste\u011fi uyand\u0131 ve yeniden, keyifle okudum. Kitab\u0131 Klaus Schmidt kaleme alm\u0131\u015f. Kendisi, hem G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019nin mek\u00e2n olarak yerini ke\u015ffeden, hem de arkeolojik kaz\u0131larda sorumluluk al\u0131p kaz\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6neten sayg\u0131n bir bilim insan\u0131. B\u00f6yle olunca da kitab\u0131n bilimsel de\u011feri ve anlat\u0131lanlar daha fazla \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kitab\u0131n merkezinde, Bereketli Hilal\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesi olarak tan\u0131mlanan Yukar\u0131 Mezopotamya\u2019da Urfa il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan G\u00f6bekli Tepe buluntu alan\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. \u201cYukar\u0131 Mezopotamya kavram\u0131 ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda, g\u00fcneydeki T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar uzanan F\u0131rat ve Dicle aras\u0131ndaki da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lge tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.\u201d (s.51) B\u00f6lge K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6bekli Tepe s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00f6lgenin kadim halk\u0131n\u0131n dili olan K\u00fcrt\u00e7edeki \u00e7evrisi \u201cGirnavik\u201dtir. Ama yak\u0131ndaki bir k\u00f6yden dolay\u0131 \u201cX\u0131rb\u00eare\u015f\u201d (Karaharabe) diyenler olsa da tarihteki ve halk aras\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenen ismi \u201cGir\u00ea Miraza\u201d, yani Dilek Tepesi\u2019dir. Zaten g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de buras\u0131 halen bir ziyaret yeridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klaus Schmidt, en eski tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 yapan Ta\u015f \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 avc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n gizemli kutsal alan\u0131 G\u00f6bekli Tepe \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kitab\u0131nda, arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ki\u015fisel izlenimlerini birle\u015ftirmi\u015f. Kitab\u0131 okuyunca, arkeoloji ile ilgili bilgilerin, kavramlar\u0131n, buluntu ve anlat\u0131lar\u0131n sadece G\u00f6bekli Tepe ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, o d\u00f6neme tarihlenen \u00c7ay\u00f6n\u00fc (Qoteber\u00e7em), Newala \u00c7ori (\u00d6l\u00fcm Vadisi) gibi tarih \u00f6ncesi mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 da kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Ayr\u0131ca Kuzey Mezopotamya\u2019y\u0131 biraz daha iyi tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f\/anlam\u0131\u015f oluruz.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan buluntular\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131, kitab\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bask\u0131s\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ns\u00f6zde Klaus Schmidt anlaml\u0131 zengin ifadelerle \u00f6zl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde \u00e7ok g\u00fczel anlatmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYakla\u015f\u0131k 12.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, F\u0131rat ve Dicle Nehirleri aras\u0131nda kalan b\u00f6lgede, insanl\u0131k tarihinin en \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fimlerinden biri ya\u015fanmaktayd\u0131. \u0130nsano\u011flu avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131ndan, yerle\u015fik hayata, \u00e7ift\u00e7i-\u00fcretici d\u00fczene ge\u00e7mek \u00fczereydi. Binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinin avc\u0131 toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bu ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminde, sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi m\u00fctevazi ve basit bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131yla yetinmemi\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131, aksine, g\u00f6rkemli bir evre ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de bize b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 izlerde g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019nin etkileyici an\u0131tsal buluntular\u0131 yetkin bir ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fini yans\u0131tmakta, ta\u015f \u00fczerine kabartma tekni\u011fiyle yap\u0131larak aktar\u0131lan motiflerin i\u00e7erik zenginli\u011fi ise karma\u015f\u0131k bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel d\u00fczeye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm bu bulgular\u0131n yan\u0131nda, eserlerin nitelik ve nicelikleri g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011finde, rastlant\u0131sal de\u011fil d\u00fczenli bir tekrarlama \u015feklinde saptanabilen b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutluluk, an\u0131tsall\u0131k ve say\u0131sal yo\u011funluk, arka planda olmas\u0131 gereken geli\u015fkin sosyal d\u00fczenin, organizasyon ve koordinasyon kabiliyetinin ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vermektedir. 12.000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze iletti\u011fi bu kapsaml\u0131 bilgi hazinesi ile, ge\u00e7mi\u015fimizin \u00f6nemli bir zaman dilimi hakk\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemizin dahi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorular\u0131 \u00fcretebilmemizi sa\u011flayan G\u00f6bekli Tepe, emsalsizli\u011fi ile biz bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar, belki daha da fazla, bulundu\u011fu topraklar\u0131n insan\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen, hakl\u0131 olarak gururland\u0131ran e\u015fsiz bir de\u011fer.\u201d (s.11)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de ya\u015fayan atalar\u0131m\u0131z, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gizemli bu yap\u0131yla, sanki \u201ckim olduklar\u0131n\u0131, ne yapabileceklerini ilgili \u00e7evreye g\u00f6stermek ve anlatmak\u201d (s.137) istemi\u015fler. Kaz\u0131lar sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan g\u00f6rkemli yap\u0131lar, \u201cb\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fcm insanlar\u0131n uzun bir zaman diliminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00e7ok daha uzun bir zaman diliminde buradaki k\u00fclt t\u00f6renlerini ziyaret etikleri bir k\u00fclt merkezi\u201d (s.113) oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, atalar\u0131m\u0131z burada daha \u00e7ok dinsel \u00f6zelli\u011fi \u00f6n planda olan bir yer yapm\u0131\u015flar ve yap\u0131daki b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, geni\u015flik ve an\u0131tsall\u0131k da b\u00fct\u00fcn ihti\u015fam\u0131yla bunu bizlere g\u00f6stermektedir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131maz ya, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k olmakla birlikte, G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019ye bir t\u00fcr K\u00e2be diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cZaman\u0131n derinli\u011fi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bellekte kendisini g\u00f6sterir.\u201d (s.223) G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019nin \u00e7evresinde yer alan \u00c7ay\u00f6n\u00fc, Newala \u00c7ori, Tell Abr… ve hen\u00fcz daha bilmedi\u011fimiz pek \u00e7ok di\u011fer yerdeki insanlar\u0131n avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 toplumdan yerle\u015fik topluma ge\u00e7me s\u00fcrecini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmekte olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7erken de bu g\u00f6rkemli yap\u0131lar\u0131 in\u015fa etmeye devam etmi\u015f olabileceklerini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Burada \u201cbelirli bir nedenle, hep birlikte ya da temsilcileri taraf\u0131ndan rit\u00fcellerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir.\u201d (s.280)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAncak tanr\u0131sal \u00f6z\u00fcn (numen) daha G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de hen\u00fcz isme (nomen) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fini; burada sadece ruhlar, cinler ya da di\u011fer transzendental (a\u015fk\u0131nsal) g\u00fc\u00e7lerin sahneye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; ya da tanr\u0131lar ve tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131n da bunun i\u00e7ine kar\u0131\u015f\u0131p kar\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, ta\u015f kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle belki de hi\u00e7bir zaman bilemeyece\u011fiz.\u201d (s.285) Ama Klaus Schmidt yine de bir bilim insan\u0131 olarak \u201cbilme\u201d konusundaki umudunu yitirmez, \u015f\u00f6yle yazar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cG\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve her kaz\u0131 d\u00f6neminde daha da artan hayvan desenlerinin, …\u0130lk Neolitikteki i\u015faret ve sembol konusundaki bilgilerimizi art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece de g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde belki de ta\u015flardaki resim belgelerini s\u00f6z dizimiyle ve bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da s\u00f6ylenmek istenenleri anlayacak konuma gelebilece\u011fimiz umuduyla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktay\u0131z.\u201d (s.234)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tel Aviv \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar Prof. Avi Gopher ve Gil Haklay\u2019\u0131n Cambridge Archaeological dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019deki yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u201ctutarl\u0131 bir geometrik desene g\u00f6re\u201d tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na gelince; ben, ancak \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim: G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de Ta\u015f \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 yapanlar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz geometrisinden haberleri yoktu, ama bu an\u0131tsal yap\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ve hangi \u015fekilde yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, devasa \u201cT\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131 dikili ta\u015flar\u0131 yap\u0131n\u0131n hangi k\u0131sm\u0131na ne \u015fekilde ve ka\u00e7 tane dikilece\u011fini, ta\u015flar \u00fczerine kabartma tekni\u011fiyle hangi hayvan veya sembollerin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi biliyorlard\u0131 diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu g\u00f6rkemli yap\u0131 ve yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan dikili ta\u015flar\u0131n onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u00e7ok derin bir anlam\u0131 vard\u0131, bunu da Klaus Schmidt\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan biliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

(*)<\/sup> Klaus Schmidt, G\u00f6bekli Tepe, Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, (\u00c7ev: R\u00fcstem Aslan), 2007 \u0130stanbul, 318 sayfa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

4 Haziran 2020 tarihinde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.tigrishaber.com\/bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekan-gobekli-tepe-4103yy.htm
https:\/\/www.gaphaberleri.com\/kose-yazisi\/703\/bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekn-gobekli-tepe.html
http:\/\/www.ruhanews.com\/kose-yazisi\/462\/bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekn-gobekli-tepe.html
https:\/\/www.erganihaber.net\/kose-yazisi\/1372\/bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekn-gobekli-tepe.html
http:\/\/www.karikaturistik.com\/haber\/bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekan-gobekli-tepe-muslum-uzulmez\/
https:\/\/www.3uncugoz.com\/bir-kitap-ve-bir-mekan-gobekli-tepe\/<\/p>\n\n\n

antropoloji<\/a>, <\/span>arkeoloji<\/a>, <\/span>arkeoloji ve sanat yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>avi gopher<\/a>, <\/span>bereketli hilal<\/a>, <\/span>cambridge archaeological<\/a>, <\/span>\u00e7ay\u00f6n\u00fc<\/a>, <\/span>fertile crescent<\/a>, <\/span>gil haklay<\/a>, <\/span>gir\u00ea miraza<\/a>, <\/span>girnavik<\/a>, <\/span>g\u00f6bekli tepe<\/a>, <\/span>g\u00f6beklitepe<\/a>, <\/span>klaus schmidt<\/a>, <\/span>k\u00fcrt<\/a>, <\/span>mezopotamya<\/a>, <\/span>neolitik<\/a>, <\/span>newala \u00e7ori<\/a>, <\/span>qoteber\u00e7em<\/a>, <\/span>tel aviv \u00fcniversitesi<\/a>, <\/span>tell abr<\/a>, <\/span>x\u0131rb\u00eare\u015f<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

10 y\u0131l \u00f6nce okudu\u011fum bir kitab\u0131 ve bu kitab\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olan gizemli bir mek\u00e2n\u0131 anlatmak istiyorum. Beni buna sevk eden \u015fey, Tel Aviv \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Prof. Avi Gopher ve Doktora aday\u0131 Gil Haklay\u2019\u0131n, G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019de yer alan yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u201ctutarl\u0131 bir geometrik desene g\u00f6re\u201d tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 oldu. (Gazete Duvar, 16 May\u0131s 2020) Haberi okuyunca G\u00f6bekli Tepe(*) kitab\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7imde yeniden okuma iste\u011fi uyand\u0131 ve yeniden, keyifle okudum. Kitab\u0131 Klaus Schmidt kaleme alm\u0131\u015f. Kendisi, hem G\u00f6bekli Tepe\u2019nin mek\u00e2n olarak yerini ke\u015ffeden, hem de arkeolojik kaz\u0131larda sorumluluk al\u0131p kaz\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6neten sayg\u0131n bir bilim insan\u0131. B\u00f6yle olunca da kitab\u0131n bilimsel de\u011feri ve anlat\u0131lanlar daha<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3901,449,1197],"tags":[623,493,625,612,613,619,489,620,608,615,624,614,609,611,144,409,621,622,617,610,616,618],"class_list":["post-4133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","category-inceleme","category-kultur","tag-antropoloji","tag-arkeoloji","tag-arkeoloji-ve-sanat-yayinlari","tag-avi-gopher","tag-bereketli-hilal","tag-cambridge-archaeological","tag-cayonu","tag-fertile-crescent","tag-gil-haklay","tag-gire-miraza","tag-girnavik","tag-gobekli-tepe","tag-gobeklitepe","tag-klaus-schmidt","tag-kurt","tag-mezopotamya","tag-neolitik","tag-newala-cori","tag-qotebercem","tag-tel-aviv-universitesi","tag-tell-abr","tag-xirberes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4133","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4133"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4133\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4136,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4133\/revisions\/4136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4133"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4133"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4133"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}