Bir kitab\u0131n ismi bazen \u00e7ekim merkezi olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kitap\u00e7\u0131 vitrininde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm Petersburg\u2019lu Usta<\/strong>(*)<\/sup> kitab\u0131 \u00f6nce Petersburg s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle, sonra Usta\u2019n\u0131n Dostoyevski oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmemle beni hemen \u00e7ekim merkezine ald\u0131. Kitapla do\u011frudan duygusal bir ili\u015fkiye girmi\u015f oldum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Duygusal ili\u015fkimi \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131kta toplaya bilirim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Birincisi, o\u011flum Ozan\u2019\u0131n yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r e\u015fi ve iki k\u0131z\u0131yla Petersburg kentinde ya\u015f\u0131yor olu\u015fudur. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, ilki 15 Nisan 2006\u2019da olmak \u00fczere Petersburg\u2019a 5-6 kez gittim. Her gitti\u011fimde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 da olsa bu g\u00fczel kentin tarihi mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fczelerini, cadde ve sokaklar\u0131n\u0131 gezdim. 22 Nisan 2006\u2019da, Dostoyevski\u2019nin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 evin soka\u011f\u0131nda bulunan heykelini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde kendisiyle s\u00f6yle\u015ftim; Dostoyevski M\u00fczesi\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen evinin salon ve odalar\u0131nda dola\u015ft\u0131m, sergilenen kitaplar\u0131n\u0131, el yazmalar\u0131n\u0131, ki\u015fisel e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 inceledim ve burada B\u00fcy\u00fck Usta\u2019n\u0131n kokusunu teneff\u00fcs ettim. M\u00fczede gezerken bir dolab\u0131n\u0131n caml\u0131 b\u00f6lmesinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f bir adet Budala<\/strong><\/em> (Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131)<\/em>, iki adet de Cinler<\/strong><\/em> (Varl\u0131k Yay\u0131nlar\u0131) r<\/em>oman\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde sevinmi\u015f, ama K\u00fcrt\u00e7e \u00e7evrilerinin bulunmay\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00fcz\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile K\u00fcrt\u00e7e \u00e7evrilerin yan yana bulunu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fczede \u00e7ok g\u00fczel duraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm. K\u0131sacas\u0131 ilk sebep, her \u015feyiyle farkl\u0131 ve g\u00fczel olan Petersburg\u2019da o\u011flumun bulunmas\u0131 ve kenti sevmi\u015f olmamd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130kincisi, Petersburg\u2019un bir zamanlar hayallerimi s\u00fcsleyen ve u\u011fruna m\u00fccadele verdi\u011fim sosyalist devrimin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olu\u015fudur: Lenin ve Bol\u015fevik Partisi y\u00f6netimince, daha do\u011frusu Petrograd (Petersburg) Askeri Devrim Komitesi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 askerler taraf\u0131ndan bir darbeyle K\u0131\u015fl\u0131k Saray\u2019\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irip 1917 Ekim Devrimi\u2019ni ba\u015flatmalar\u0131 ve Sovyet Devrimi\u2019ni Petersburg\u2019dan d\u00fcnyaya duyurmu\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. (Devrim ve Sovyetler \u015fimdi tarih olsa da, bu ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 temelinden sarst\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnyada bir\u00e7ok \u015feyin k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015fmesine neden oldu\u011funu unutmayal\u0131m. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6yle birilerinin dedi\u011fi gibi \u201cTarihin Sonu\u201d de\u011fildir; ba\u015fka bir D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli tarihsel olgulardan biridir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, Dostoyevski\u2019ye hayranl\u0131k duymamd\u0131r. D\u00fcnya yazarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir benzeri olmayan bu B\u00fcy\u00fck Usta\u2019\u0131n kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar tekrar severek okumu\u015f ve her okuyu\u015fta eserlerinde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri kaz\u0131yarak tutkular\u0131n\u0131 z\u0131dd\u0131yla ya\u015fayan kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n ikili yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, ruhsal gelgitlerini, iyi bir insan\u0131 aniden cinayet i\u015fleyen birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmedeki maharetini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n bir yazar olu\u015fudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu duygularla Petersburg\u2019lu Usta\u2019y\u0131 okudum. 2003 Nobel Edebiyat \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131 yazar J. M. Coetzee, 1994\u2019te yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu eserinde Dostoyevski\u2019nin ya\u015fam\u0131ndan baz\u0131 kesitleri kendince kurgulay\u0131p roman olarak anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dostoyevski\u2019yi anlamak ve anlatmak \u00e7ok zordur. Onun ruhunun derinliklerinde kopan f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131, alt \u00fcst olu\u015flar\u0131, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kahramanlar\u0131n karanl\u0131k yanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve ikili var olu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6kmek kolay bir i\u015f de\u011fildir. Stefan Zweig\u2019in belirtti\u011fi gibi: \u201cFyodor Mihailovi\u00e7 Dostoyevski ve onun i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyam\u0131z i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemi hakk\u0131yla anlatabilmek zor ve sorumluluk isteyen bir i\u015ftir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun o e\u015fsiz enginli\u011fi ve g\u00fcc\u00fc yeni bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcye gereksinim duyar.\u201d (S. Zweig, \u00dc\u00e7 B\u00fcy\u00fck Usta, \u00e7ev. Nafer Ermi\u015f, T\u0130B Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, s.83)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ya\u015far Kemal da onun karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa i\u015faret eder. 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda Leningrad\u2019a, yani Petersburg\u2019a gidi\u015finin ard\u0131ndan Zeynep Oral\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada: \u201c\u0130ki Leningrad vard\u0131r: Pu\u015fkin\u2019in ayd\u0131nl\u0131k Leningrad\u2019\u0131 ve Dostoyevski\u2019nin karanl\u0131k Leningrad\u2019\u0131. Nitekim Leningrad\u2019da Dostoyevski d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncem iyice sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131. Belki de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinde, Dostoyevski\u2019nin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve karamsarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Pu\u015fkin\u2019in, Tolstoy\u2019un ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve iyimserli\u011finden daha ayd\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r,\u201d der. (Y. Kemal, Zulm\u00fcn Arts\u0131n, Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, s.168)<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00f6ylesine zihninde tasarlad\u0131klar\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan, karma\u015f\u0131k, s\u0131rlarla dolu, eserlerinden ba\u015fka kendisi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bilinen, tutkular\u0131n\u0131n ate\u015finde yanan, sara illetli ve saran\u0131n esrarengiz bo\u011fuculu\u011funu duyumsayan, ya\u015farken s\u00fcrekli \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tadan ac\u0131lar\u0131n efendisi bu yazar\u0131 yazmak cesaret ister. Ama J. M. Coetzee bu cesareti g\u00f6stererek roman\u0131nda Dostoyevski\u2019yi zihninde yeniden yarat\u0131p s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere d\u00f6kerek zoru ba\u015far\u0131r; romanlar yazan Dostoyevski\u2019yi yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 roman\u0131nda ba\u015f-kahraman\u0131 yapar. Dostoyevski\u2019nin romanlar\u0131n\u0131n karanl\u0131k ortam\u0131n\u0131, ruhsal \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemelerini; Rusya\u2019da derinden sessizce ve \u015fiddetle dalga dalga gelen de\u011fi\u015fim ve devrimlerin ayak seslerini edebi bir ak\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Roman, \u201cEkim, 1869. St. Petersburg\u2019un Saman Pazar\u0131 semtinde, bir atl\u0131 araba a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r bir sokaktan ge\u00e7iyor. Y\u00fcksek bir binan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc at\u0131n dizginlerini \u00e7ekiyor.\u201d paragraf\u0131yla ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Atl\u0131 arabadaki yolcu, Dostoyevski\u2019dir. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu Almanya\u2019dan d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc boyunca kafas\u0131ndaki sorular, buhara bo\u011fulmu\u015f bo\u015f bir hamamda cinlerin \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nca oynad\u0131klar\u0131 gibi kafas\u0131nda tepinerek ba\u015f\u0131ndaki seyrelmeye ba\u015flayan sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tel tel yoluyorlar. Hangi soruya nas\u0131l bir yan\u0131t bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131yor: \u201cHik\u00e2yeler dinlemek istiyor.\u201d (s.22) Ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dindirmek i\u00e7in mevcudiyetin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve an\u0131lar\u0131n puslu yo\u011funlu\u011funda o\u011flu Pavel\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki s\u0131r perdesini aralamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Roman kahraman\u0131 Dostoyevski, o\u011flu Pavel\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn izini s\u00fcrerken, ac\u0131 \u00e7eken ac\u0131l\u0131 bir insan olarak kendi ge\u00e7mi\u015fiyle, kimli\u011fiyle ve hayattaki duru\u015fuyla ilgili ger\u00e7eklerle y\u00fczle\u015fmek zorunda kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Biz okuyucular da bir insan\u0131n kendisiyle y\u00fczle\u015fmesinin hi\u00e7 de kolay bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bir kez daha tan\u0131k oluyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (*)<\/sup>J. M. Coetzee, Petersburg\u2019lu Usta, \u00c7ev. \u0130lknur \u00d6zdemir, Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 5. Bask\u0131, 252 sayfa.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 20 \u015eubat 2021 tarihinde ve sonras\u0131nda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/www.ruhanews.com\/kose-yazisi\/556\/duygularim-petersburg-ve-dostoyevskinin-acisi.html Bir kitab\u0131n ismi bazen \u00e7ekim merkezi olabilir. Kitap\u00e7\u0131 vitrininde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm Petersburg\u2019lu Usta(*) kitab\u0131 \u00f6nce Petersburg s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle, sonra Usta\u2019n\u0131n Dostoyevski oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmemle beni hemen \u00e7ekim merkezine ald\u0131. Kitapla do\u011frudan duygusal bir ili\u015fkiye girmi\u015f oldum. Duygusal ili\u015fkimi \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131kta toplaya bilirim: Birincisi, o\u011flum Ozan\u2019\u0131n yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r e\u015fi ve iki k\u0131z\u0131yla Petersburg kentinde ya\u015f\u0131yor olu\u015fudur. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, ilki 15 Nisan 2006\u2019da olmak \u00fczere Petersburg\u2019a 5-6 kez gittim. Her gitti\u011fimde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 da olsa bu g\u00fczel kentin tarihi mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fczelerini, cadde ve sokaklar\u0131n\u0131 gezdim. 22 Nisan 2006\u2019da, Dostoyevski\u2019nin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 evin soka\u011f\u0131nda bulunan heykelini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde kendisiyle s\u00f6yle\u015ftim; Dostoyevski M\u00fczesi\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen evinin salon ve odalar\u0131nda<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[449,1197],"tags":[470,474,214,472,475,320,477,471,466,468,467,473,109,469,476],"class_list":["post-4052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-inceleme","category-kultur","tag-alisa","tag-coetzee","tag-devrim","tag-dostoyevski","tag-dostoyevski-muzesi","tag-lenin","tag-leningrad","tag-leya","tag-ozan","tag-petersburg","tag-petersburglu-usta","tag-petrograd","tag-rusya","tag-st-petersburg","tag-yasar-kemal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4052"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4052\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4053,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4052\/revisions\/4053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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