{"id":3983,"date":"2022-11-14T18:23:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T18:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=3983"},"modified":"2023-04-23T11:58:08","modified_gmt":"2023-04-23T11:58:08","slug":"kara-yaranin-romani-once-kuslar-oldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/?p=3983","title":{"rendered":"\u201cKara Yara\u201dn\u0131n Roman\u0131: \u00d6nce Ku\u015flar \u00d6ld\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu Hitler fa\u015fizminin kalbi Berlin\u2019e girdi ve paralel olarak ayn\u0131 zamanda Amerika Avrupa\u2019ya bir \u00e7\u0131kartma yaparak baz\u0131 \u00fclkelere yerle\u015fti. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonunda yap\u0131lan bir anla\u015fmayla da sadece Avrupa de\u011fil, d\u00fcnya ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc: Bir tarafta ABD\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi emperyalist-kapitalist blok, di\u011fer tarafta Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi sosyalist blok. Ve bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme sonras\u0131nda ABD ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan k\u0131ran k\u0131rana rekabet ve yar\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bir sonucu olarak t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f<\/em><\/strong>\u201d r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 esmeye ba\u015flad\u0131, hem de \u00e7ok sert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So\u011fuk sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Demokrat Parti iktidarda olup Adnan Menderes ba\u015fbakand\u0131r. Adnan Menderes y\u00f6netimi bu d\u00f6nemde ABD\u2019yle s\u0131cak ili\u015fkiler kurarak ABD\u2019ye t\u00fcm kap\u0131lar\u0131 gizli ya da a\u015fik\u00e2r a\u00e7t\u0131. ABD y\u00f6netimi de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi kendisine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirmek i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 yo\u011fun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n i\u00e7ine girdi. So\u011fuk sava\u015fla birlikte art\u0131k her \u015fey bu sava\u015f\u0131n ya \u00f6znesi ya da nesnesi durumuna geldi. 23 Haziran 1954\u2019te \u201cAsker\u00ee Kolayl\u0131klar Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/em><\/strong>\u201d ve daha sonras\u0131nda imzalanan \u00e7ok say\u0131daki ikili antla\u015fmalarla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir yandan ABD askeri \u00fcs ve tesisler kurulup a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan da ilkokul \u00f6\u011frencilerine ABD\u2019den hibe olarak gelen s\u00fct tozu, kek, bal\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u201cBar\u0131\u015f G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri<\/em><\/strong>\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok CIA ajan\u0131 ise her yerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcl rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla aleni s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD\u2019nin yard\u0131m(!) kampanyalar\u0131ndan biri de 1955 y\u0131l\u0131nda Marshall Plan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda s\u00fcneye<\/em>, yani k\u0131m\u0131l b\u00f6ce\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 korunakl\u0131 olan ila\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f tohumluk bu\u011fdaylar\u0131n g\u00f6ndermesidir. Halk aras\u0131nda Kara Yara<\/em><\/strong>\/ Bir\u00eena Re\u015f<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131mlanan amans\u0131z hastal\u0131k i\u015fte bu bu\u011fdaylar\u0131n geli\u015fiyle ba\u015flar. Kimyasal tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131yla zehirlenmi\u015f y\u00fczlerce ton tohumluk bu\u011fday d\u00f6nemin iktidar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgedeki partili a\u011fa, bey ve ileri gelenlere bedava da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Onlardan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bu bu\u011fdaylar\u0131 el alt\u0131ndan a\u2019laf ve zahireciler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dar\u0131, arpa ve bu\u011fdaydan daha ucuz bir fiyata satarlar. \u0130lk \u00f6nce zahire d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n civar ve \u00f6nlerinde bu bu\u011fdaylar\u0131 yiyen ser\u00e7e, g\u00fcvercin ve kumrular \u00f6lmeye ba\u015flar, ama trajik olay anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131ncaya kadar insanlar bu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin nedenini anlayamaz. Ard\u0131ndan da fakir-fukara na\u00e7ar baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n bu bu\u011fdaylar\u0131 ucuz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in sat\u0131n al\u0131p de\u011firmenlerde \u00f6\u011f\u00fcterek un yapmalar\u0131 ve bu unlardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ekmekleri yiyen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n el, ayak ve y\u00fczlerinde kara yaralar olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bedenleri kaplayan bu yaralar\u0131n hemen sonras\u0131nda da y\u00fczlerce k\u0131z ve erkek \u00e7ocuk ya\u015flar\u0131na doyamadan \u00f6l\u00fcr, y\u00fczlercesi de sakat kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Day\u0131m Nurettin De\u011firmenci \u00c7ermik\u2019teki ac\u0131l\u0131 o kara g\u00fcnleri an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKara yara, b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccudu sar\u0131yordu. \u00d6zellikle, su s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerdeki insanlar, bu bu\u011fdaylar\u0131 y\u0131kamadan de\u011firmene g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in; felaket daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oluyordu.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 analar \u00e7ok titiz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kara yara belas\u0131n\u0131 ucuz atlatt\u0131. Ancak, f\u0131r\u0131nlardan sat\u0131n al\u0131nan ekmeklerden de kara yara olu\u015fuyordu. Bu te\u015fhis sonradan yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130\u015f i\u015ften ge\u00e7tikten sonra. Kara yara kasabay\u0131 kavurduktan sonra, gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. O zamana kadar zaten ila\u00e7l\u0131 bu\u011fdaylar bitmi\u015fti<\/em>.\u201d (1960\u2019l\u0131 Y\u0131llardan Bir Kesit \u00c7ERM\u0130K<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2002, s. 231-232)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1960 \u00f6ncesinde Diyarbak\u0131r ve \u00e7evresi hem ekonomik nedenlerle hem de K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusa sahip olmas\u0131 nedeniyle geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k ve ulusal bask\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir durumdad\u0131r. E\u011fitim oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, i\u015fsizlik ve yoksulluk diz boyudur. Kara yara hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu nedenle Diyarbak\u0131r ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 illerde korkun\u00e7 ac\u0131lara sebep oldu; toplumun vicdan\u0131nda derin yaralar a\u00e7t\u0131. Ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelerde, yani Ege\u2019de, Trakya\u2019da, Karadeniz\u2019de bu hastal\u0131k ya\u015fand\u0131 m\u0131, bilmiyorum, maalesef bu konuda bir bilgiye sahip de\u011filim. Ama co\u011frafi b\u00f6lge olarak neresi olursa olsun, bu hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanan \u00e7ocuklar d\u00f6nem iktidar\u0131n\u0131n \u201ckara leke\u201dsini ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca hep bedenlerinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131 ve halen de ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Musa Anter, bu korkun\u00e7 olaydan etkilenerek 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201c49\u2019lar Davas\u0131<\/em><\/strong>\u201dndan tutukluyken \u0130stanbul-Harbiye\u2019de h\u00fccrede Br\u00eena Re\u015f<\/strong> (Kara Yara) adl\u0131 piyesini yazar ve eser 1965\u2019te yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Naz\u0131m Hikmet 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cGazete Foto\u011fraflar\u0131 \u00dcst\u00fcne<\/em><\/strong>\u201d \u00fcst ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u201cKara Yara<\/em><\/strong>\u201d \u015fiirini kaleme al\u0131r. Erganili \u015fair Enver At\u0131lgan \u00e7ok sonralar\u0131 ba\u015fka bir facia nedeniyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c83 \u00d6l\u00fc<\/em><\/strong>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirinde kara yara trajedisine de\u011finir ve bu \u015fiirinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir tespit de yapar: \u201cyery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ilk kez\/ bende g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc kara yara<\/em>\u201d diyerek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu piyes ve \u015fiirlerin yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan y\u0131llar sonra, yak\u0131n bir zamanda, kara yara hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir roman\u0131 yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Yazar Vedat \u00c7etin, \u00d6nce Ku\u015flar \u00d6ld\u00fc<\/strong>(*)<\/sup> adl\u0131 bu roman\u0131nda hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yo\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ergani\u2019yi merkeze al\u0131p Diyarbak\u0131r, Silvan, Hazro, Kulp, \u00c7ermik, \u00c7\u0131nar, Bismil\u2019de ya\u015fanan kara yara hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatarak d\u00f6neme ayna tutuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kitab\u0131n yaz\u0131m s\u00fcrecinden ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri haberim oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, roman\u0131n \u00e7ok uzun ve yo\u011fun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Roman\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinde 1960 \u00f6ncesinin mek\u00e2nlar\u0131na ve insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 ve sosyal ili\u015fkilerine dair elimde olan g\u00f6rsel malzeme ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6ndererek, d\u00f6nemin kara yaras\u0131ndan etkilenen \u015fah\u0131slarla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, sonras\u0131nda roman tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131 okuyup d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimi ileterek yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vedat \u00c7etin sonu\u00e7ta, \u00d6nce Ku\u015flar \u00d6ld\u00fc<\/strong> isimli roman\u0131nda kara yara olay\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi kurgulay\u0131p toparlayarak toplumsal belle\u011fe \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 sunmu\u015f. Zaman ve mek\u00e2n ili\u015fkisi, 1960 \u00f6ncesi atmosferini yans\u0131tmas\u0131 yerinde, g\u00fczel. Hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalananlar\u0131n psikolojik davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na dair hassas dokunu\u015flar ise romana zenginlik katm\u0131\u015f: Kara yara illetine yakalananlar\u0131n i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131n derinliklerinde kopan f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 kendi i\u00e7lerinde bast\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya yans\u0131tt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, hastal\u0131ktan bedeni ve ruhu yaralanm\u0131\u015f roman\u0131n ba\u015fkarakteri Musa\u2019n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan i\u00e7 burkucu bir \u015fekilde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kutluyorum!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

(*) Vedat \u00c7etin, \u00d6nce Ku\u015flar \u00d6ld\u00fc<\/strong>, Klaros Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Eyl\u00fcl 2022, \u0130stanbul, 169 sayfa.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

14 Kas\u0131m 2022 tarihinde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.tigrishaber.com\/kara-yaranin-romani-once-kuslar-oldu-6043yy.htm
https:\/\/www.erganihaber.net\/kose-yazisi\/1419\/kara-yaranin-romani-once-kuslar-oldu.html
https:\/\/www.gaphaberleri.com\/kose-yazisi\/1006\/kara-yaranin-romani-once-kuslar-oldu.html
https:\/\/ruhanews.com\/kose-yazisi\/763\/kara-yaranin-romani-once-kuslar-oldu.html<\/p>\n\n\n

abd<\/a>, <\/span>bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri<\/a>, <\/span>bir\u00eena re\u015f<\/a>, <\/span>\u00e7ermik<\/a>, <\/span>diyarbak\u0131r<\/a>, <\/span>ergani<\/a>, <\/span>kara yara<\/a>, <\/span>marshall plan\u0131<\/a>, <\/span>naz\u0131m hikmet<\/a>, <\/span>nurettin de\u011firmenci<\/a>, <\/span>\u00f6nce ku\u015flar \u00f6ld\u00fc<\/a>, <\/span>so\u011fuk sava\u015f<\/a>, <\/span>vedat \u00e7etin<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu Hitler fa\u015fizminin kalbi Berlin\u2019e girdi ve paralel olarak ayn\u0131 zamanda Amerika Avrupa\u2019ya bir \u00e7\u0131kartma yaparak baz\u0131 \u00fclkelere yerle\u015fti. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonunda yap\u0131lan bir anla\u015fmayla da sadece Avrupa de\u011fil, d\u00fcnya ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc: Bir tarafta ABD\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi emperyalist-kapitalist blok, di\u011fer tarafta Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi sosyalist blok. Ve bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme sonras\u0131nda ABD ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan k\u0131ran k\u0131rana rekabet ve yar\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bir sonucu olarak t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u201d r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 esmeye ba\u015flad\u0131, hem de \u00e7ok sert. So\u011fuk sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Demokrat Parti iktidarda olup Adnan Menderes ba\u015fbakand\u0131r. Adnan Menderes y\u00f6netimi bu d\u00f6nemde<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1197],"tags":[187,297,300,304,115,129,299,302,140,298,303,190,301],"class_list":["post-3983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur","tag-abd","tag-baris-gonulluleri","tag-birina-res","tag-cermik","tag-diyarbakir","tag-ergani","tag-kara-yara","tag-marshall-plani","tag-nazim-hikmet","tag-nurettin-degirmenci","tag-once-kuslar-oldu","tag-soguk-savas","tag-vedat-cetin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3983"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3984,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3983\/revisions\/3984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzulmez.site\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}